AbstrakWanita pada periode post-partum memiliki angka unmet need terhadap kontrasepsi, padahal ini waktu yang tepat untuk mulai memakai kontrasepsi. Salah satu kontrasepsi pasca-salin terkini yang mulai disosialisasikan adalah IUD post-placenta. Namun demikian, masih belum banyak wanita pasangan usia subur yang menggunakan alat kontrasepsi ini bahkan mengetahuinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan unmet need KB pasca-salin IUD post-placenta. Jenis penelitian survey dengan desain cross sectional study. Waktu pengambilan data dari 12 Januari sampai dengan 12 Maret 2013. Sampel adalah wanita pasangan usia subur yang melahirkan pervaginam dan dipilih secara accidental sampling. Penelitian dilakukan pada 88 orang responden dengan 50 orang bukan akseptor KB IUD post-placenta dan 38 orang akseptor KB IUD Postplacenta. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner melalui wawancara terpimpin. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan unmet need IUD post-placenta adalah faktor pengetahuan (p value = 0,001), sedangkan faktor lain yang tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan adalah faktor pendidikan (p value = 0,222), faktor status ekonomi (p value = 1,000), dan faktor konseling KB (p value = 0,583). Kata kunci: faktor yang berhubungan, unmet need, KB pasca-salin, IUD post-placenta AbstractThe women in post-partum period have unmet need rate to contraception, whereas it's approriate time to start using contraception. One of recent post-partum contraception method is IUD post-placenta. But, only a few women of fertile age couple use this contraception even has known it. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated to unmet need of post-partum contraception IUD post-placenta. This survey study with cross sectional design study. The data was collected from January 12 until March 12 2013. The subject were women of fertile age couple who give birth per vaginam and selected by accidental sampling. This study had 88 respondents consists of 50 as not IUD Post-placenta acceptors and 38 respondents as IUD post-placenta acceptors. The data collected by using questionnaire through guided interview and analyzed through univariate and bivariate.The result of analysis showed that the factor had significant relation to unmet need of IUD post-placenta is knowledge (p value = 0,001), while another factors did not have significant relation are education level (p value = 0,222), economic level (p value=1,000), and family planning counselling (p value=0,583).
AbstrakAir kobokan merupakan media untuk cuci tangan yang banyak digunakan di rumah makan di Kota Padang. Diare adalah penyakit yang ditularkan melalui air yang terkontaminasi oleh bakteri. Angka perkiraan kasus diare di Padang Timur merupakan yang tertinggi di Kota Padang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas mikrobiologi air kobokan di rumah makan di Kelurahan Andalas Kecamatan Padang Timur. Sebanyak 21 sampel yang diambil dan dibagi sesuai dengan sumber airnya yaitu 12 sumber air PDAM dan 9 sumber air sumur bor. Penelitian ini dibagi dalam dua tahap, tahap pertama: pengambilan sampel dan observasi faktor yang mempengaruhi kontaminasi. Kedua: uji bakteriologi dengan metode Most Propable Number (MPN) yang meliputi uji penduga, uji konfirmasi dan uji lengkap.Seluruh sampel air kobokan mengandung bakteri coliform. Sebagian besar sampel tidak memenuhi syarat mikrobiologis sesuai dengan PERMENKES no 46 tahun 1990 dan hanya satu sampel yang berasal dari air PDAM memenuhi syarat mikrobiologis. Sampel yang berasal dari PDAM didapatkan 4 yang mengandung E.coli dan dari sumber sumur bor didapatkan 3 sampel mengandung E.coli dan lainnya mengandung bakteri lain seperti Klebsiella, Enterobacter dan Pseudomonas. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor seperti kebersihan wadah, lokasi rumah makan dan lokasi sumur bor. Kata kunci: air kobokan, most propable number (MPN). AbstractWater is the common use for hand washing in restaurant in Padang city. The research was conducted at restaurant in Andalas, East Padang. Diarrhea is a disease transmitted through water contaminated by bacteria. Morbidity of diarrhea in EastPadang is the highest in Padang. The objective of this study was to identify microbiological quality of water for cleaning hand at Restaurant in Andalas sub-district, East Padang district. Total 21 sampels were taken and divided according to the water source is 12 by PDAM and 9 from dug well. This research implemented in two steps: taking the water for cleaning hand sample and also observing factor affecting contamination of the water for cleaning hand, then bacteriologi inspection using Most Propable Number (MPN) methods to presumptive test, confirmation test and complementary test. All of them sampel containing coliform bacteria. Almost of the sample unqualified according PERMENKES no 46 tahun 1990 and just only one sample from PDAM source qualified with microbiological requirement. Four sample from PDAM source contain E.coli bacteria and three sample from dug well contain E.coli bacteria too and the others contain another bacteria like Klebsiella, Enterobacter andPseudomonas. It can be cause many factor like hygiene of container, restaurant location and dug well location.
AbstrakTimbal (Pb) dapat ditemukan di berbagai media lingkungan seperti udara, air, debu dan tanah. Logam Pb atau bentuk persenyawaannya berasal dari pembakaran bahan bakar kendaraan bermotor, emisi industri dan dari penggunaan cat bangunan yang mengandung Pb. Toksisitas Pb menghambat sebahagian besar enzim yang terlibat dalam biosintesis heme dan merusak sel hatiTujuan studi ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh timbal (Pb) terhadap aktivitas enzim katalase hati tikus putih jantan. Desain penelitian ini adalah eksperimental menggunakan 25 ekor tikus putih jantan yang dibagi menjadi lima kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol, dan kelompok perlakuan dengan pemberian Pb asetat dengan dosis konsentrasi 5 mg, 10 mg , 20 mg, dan 40 mg/kg BB selama 26 hari.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadinya penurunan rerata aktivitas katalase hati dan serum secara bermakna (p < 0,05), setelah pemberian Pb asetat selama 26 hari. Penurunan aktivitas katalase hati dan serum tikus secara bermakna (p < 0,05) terjadi antara kelompok kontrol dibandingkan dengan kelompok tikus yang diberi dosis 40 mg/kg BB.Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari studi ini ialah bahwa pemberian Pb asetat dapat menurunkan aktivitas katalase hati dan juga mempengaruhi aktivitas katalase serum tikus.Kata kunci : Pb asetat, katalaseAbstractLead (Pb) can be found in various environmental media such as air, water, dust and dirt. Pb in the form of compounds derived from burning motor vehicle fuel, industrial emissions and from the use of paints containing Pb buildings. Pb toxicity partly inhibit the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of heme and damage the liver cells.The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of lead (Pb) on the enzyme activity of rat liver catalase white male. Experimental research design was used 25 white male rats were divided into five groups, namely the control group and theARTIKEL PENELITIAN180group treated with the administration of Pb acetate at a dose concentration of 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, and 40 mg / kg body weight for 26 days.The results showed an average decrease in liver catalase activity, after administration of Pb acetate for 26 days were significantly (p <0.05). Decrease in catalase activity of rat liver and serum were significantly (p <0.05) occurred between the control group compared with the group of mice given a dose of 40 mg / kg.The conclusion from this study is that the administration of Pb acetate can decrease the liver catalase activity and also affects the activity of serum catalase mice.Key word : Pb Acetate, Catalase
BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal Stem Cell Wharton’s Jelly (MSC-WJ) is promising candidates for osteoarthritis (OA) therapy since they have chondrogenic potential and the ability to form the extracellular matrix. AIM: This study aimed to determine the effect of the time giving MSC-WJ on bioactive markers of osteoarthritis. METHODS: The osteoarthritis rat model was treated by intra-articular injection with MSC-WJ and α _MEM as a control. Four and 8 weeks later performed a histological analysis of cartilage and the determination of the levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1) and Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in serum by ELISA. RESULTS: The results showed that administration of MSC-WJ showed improvement in the histological picture of knee joints in experimental animals characterized by an increase in cartilage thickness on the joint surface. The administration of MSC-WJ showed a tendency to decrease MMP-1 serum levels of OA rats treated for 8 weeks, although statistically did not show a significant difference. Whereas, administration of MSC-WJ showed a decrease in serum levels of TGF-β1 OA rat treated for 8 weeks. CONCLUSION: MSC-WJ can repair damaged knee OA cartilage tissue. The administration of MSC-WJ can reduce serum levels of TGF-β1 OA rats treated for 8 weeks.
AbstrakTimbal (Pb) merupakan logam berat bersifat toksik yang konsentrasinya di lingkungan saat ini dipandang sebagai zat berbahaya. Pb dalam bentuk senyawa berasal dari pembakaran bahan bakar kendaraan bermotor, emisi industry dan dari penggunaan cat bangunan yang mengandung Pb. Toksisitas Pb menghambat enzim yang berperan sebagai antioksidan dan merusak sel hati.Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh timbal (Pb) terhadap kadar malondialdehid (MDA) tikus putih jantan.Desain penelitian ini adalah eksperimental menggunakan 25 ekor tikus putih jantan yang dibagi menjadi lima kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol, dan kelompok perlakuan dengan pemberian Pb asetat dengan dosis konsentrasi 5, 10, 20 dan 40 mg/kg BB selama 26 hari.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadinya peningkatan rerata kadar MDA serum secara bermakna (p < 0,05), setelah pemberian Pb asetat selama 26 hari. Peningkatan kadar MDA secara bermakna terjadi antara kelompok kontrol dibandingkan dengan kelompok tikus yang diberi dosis 5, 10, 20 dan 40 mg/kg BB.Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari studi ini adalah bahwa pemberian Pb asetat meningkatkan kadar MDA serum tikus. Kata kunci: Pb asetat, MDA AbstractLead (Pb) is atoxi cheavy metal concentrationsin the environment are now seenas a dangerous substance. Pb in the form of compounds derived from burningmotor vehicle fuel. Pb toxicityinhibitsan enzyme that acts as an antioxidant and liver cell damage.The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of lead (Pb) on levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) male whiterats.Experimental research design was used 25 white male rats were divided into five groups, namely the control group and the group treated with the administration of Pb acetate at a dose concentration of 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg / kg body weight for 26 days.The results showed an average increase in level of MDA, after administration of Pb acetate for 26 days were significantly (p <0.05). Increase in level of MDA of serum were significantly (p <0.05) occurred between the control group compared with the group of mice given a dose of 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg / kg bw.The conclusion from this study is that the administration of Pb acetate can increase the level of MDA serum mice.
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