Atherosclerosis and cognitive impairment are both influenced by hyperlipidemia. Due to their high margin of safety and low cost, natural chemicals have recently attracted particular attention in the context of the treatment of disease. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the possible amendatory impact of ethanol extract walnut (Juglans regia) seed coat (E‐WSC) on some metabolic enzymes (glutathione reductase (GR), paraoxonase‐1 (PON1), aldose reductase (AR), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione S‐transferase (GST), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)) activity in the liver, kidney, and heart of rats with Triton WR‐1339‐induced hyperlipidemia. Rats were divided into five groups: control group, HL‐Control group (Triton WR‐1339 400 mg/kg, i.p administered group), E‐ WSC + 150 (150 mg/kg,o.d given group), E‐ WSC + 300 (E‐ WSC 300 mg/kg, o.d given group) and HL+ E‐WSC + 300 (Group receiving E‐ WSC 300 mg/kg, o.d 30 min prior to administration of Triton WR‐1339 400 mg/kg, i.p). In HL‐Control, AR, SDH, and BChE enzyme activity was significantly increased in all tissues compared to the control, while the activity of other studied enzymes was significantly decreased. The effects of hyperlipidemia on balance were improved and alterations in the activity of the investigated metabolic enzymes were prevented by E‐WSC. As a result, promising natural compounds that can be used as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of cognitive disorders and hyperlipidemia may be found in E‐WSC powder.

No abstract

No abstract

Recycling is the process of collecting and processing materials that would otherwise be thrown away as trash and turning them into new products. The use of recycled paper in paper manufacturing is known to reduce air pollution by 74-94%, water pollution by 35%, and water use by 45%. Objectives of this study was to determine the consumer's point of view on recycling and pollution in Kahramanmaraş city center, increasing the awareness of consumers about recycling and determine the factors that are effective in informing consumers about the recycling. For this purpose, a face to face survey in 2017 was conducted with 268 people in the city center of Kahramanmaraş. Descriptive statistics and Chi-Square test were applied to analyze the data obtained from the survey results. According to results, 76% of consumers do not know the real definition of garbage, 81% of consumer do not know the definition of household waste, 70% of consumers have information on recycling, 26% of consumers separate garbage as recyclable and not recyclable, %78 of consumers know products that can be recycled, %23 of consumers looks for the symbol of recycling when buying a product and %78 of consumers are willing to buy recycled products. Moreover, according to results, the most important environmental pollution in Kahramanmaraş region is air pollution (%36), noise pollution (%31), soil pollution (%22) and water pollution (%11). According to the results of the analysis, the level of knowledge and awareness about the importance of recycling are increasing as the level of household income and education increases. Some of the recommendations from study are; adding more recycling bins in public spaces, explaining the benefits of recycling to consumers, share details about the recycling supply chain, educate the community by adding more informative banners or panels in public space, creating activities and organizing public platforms and events in schools to target the younger citizens.

Heavy metal concentrations of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr and Al in muscle, liver, skin, intestine and gill of Pike Fish (Esox lucius l., 1758) collected from Siddikli Küçükboğaz Dam Lake in Turkey between March 2012 and February 2013, It was measured by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) and it was determined that heavy metals accumulated at different levels in different tissues of pike. Heavy metal concentration in different fish tissues varied as dry weight Cu: 0.1123-0.3764, Fe: 4.3135-9.505, Mn: 0.5442-0.1684, Zn: 3.3065-2.475, Cr: 0.1889-2.517, Al: 2.17-1045 µg g-1. When the heavy metal levels in the tissues were compared with the national and international permissible limits, it was seen that the values of all metals in the muscles of the fish were below the determined limit values according to the analysis results. Seasonal changes in metal (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr and Al) concentrations were observed in pike tissues, but it was concluded that these differences would not negatively affect the consumption recommendations. As a result, this study shows that various metals are present at different levels in fish muscle tissues, but they are within the levels permitted by Turkish standards and WHO / FAO. Considering this situation, it has been concluded that the fish coming from these regions will generally not show any negative consequences for human consumption and there is no harm in using the reservoir water for irrigation in agriculture.