Objective: The global prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) was 9.1% (697.5 million cases). Chronic kidney disease can occur, one of which is caused by drug nephrotoxicity. Nephrotoxicity remains major problem for its effective long-term clinical use. Gentamicin is known to cause many morphologic, metabolic and functional alterations in the kidney and the specificity of gentamicin nephrotoxicity is related to its accumulation in the renal proximal convoluted tubules leading to tubular necrosis. Nephrotoxicity can be prevented by nephroprotective by giving antioxidants. Kirinyuh leaves (Chromolaena odorata L.) has potential as a nephroprotective because it contains chemical compounds that have antioxidant activity. Methods: Wistar rats as many as 25 animals were divided into five groups, namely the normal control negative control (gentamicin 60 mg/kg BW rat), and kirinyuh leaf extract at a dose of 225, 450 and 675 mg/kg BW treatment was carried out for 10 d. Serum creatinine and urea levels were evaluated along with histopathological investigation in various experimental groups of rats. Data analysis using the One Way Anova test and continued LSD test. Results: Serum creatinine was a significant difference between groups P = 0.000 (P<0.05). The results of LSD analysis on creatinine levels showed a significant difference between the normal group and the negative group (P = 0.00); negative group to dose group 1 (P = 0.020) (P<0.05); dose 2 (P = 0.005) (P<0.05); and dose 3 (P = 0.000) (P<0.05). Dose 3 had the lowest creatinine level compared to other dose groups. Conclusion: Serum creatinine level at dose 675 significantly changes compare by a negative group of other dose groups. Renal histopathology results showed that the group with a dose of 450 mg/BW of rats had the lowest necrosis rate compared to the negative control group and other dose groups.

Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan yang berada pada zona khatulistiwa dan terkenal memiliki keanekaragaman jenis tanaman, tetapi potensi ini belum semuanya dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan industri khususnya tanaman berkhasiat obat. Buah Pining (Hornstedtia alliacea) merupakan tanaman yang masih sedikit dimanfaatkan dalam bidang kesehatan dikarenakan masih minimnya informasi mengenai fitokimia dari tanaman tersebut. Dilakukan skrining fitokimia tanaman buah pining (Hornstedtia alliacea), untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa alkaloid, triterpenoid/steroid, flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin, serta pengujian aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH. Hasil skrining fitokimia yang diperoleh menunjukkan hasil positif untuk flavonoid, kuinon, monoterpen dan seskuiterpen pada ekstrak etanol, etil asetat dan N-Heksan. Pada pengujian antioksidan, ekstrak etil asetat memiliki potensi antioksidan yang paling kuat dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 23,43 ppm yang tergolong antioksidan kuat.

Introduction: Kirinyuh leaf is a widely grown plant in Indonesia, containing alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids. Flavonoids are compounds that can capture free radicals or act as natural antioxidants. Effervescent granules can mask the bitter taste and simplify the dissolving process without involving manual stirring. Objective: The purpose of this study was to make and evaluate a formulation of effervescent granules of Kirinyuh leaf extract. Methods: The granule method was carried out by the wet granulation method. Granule evaluation included organoleptic test, water content test, dissolve time test, flow time test, pH test, and hedonic test. Results: Organoleptic test results showed similar granule size, slightly brownish colour, and characteristics of Kirinyuh leaf odour. When examining their quality, the granules produced met the requirements, with moisture content between 0.4% and 0.7%, dissolving time of 30-35 seconds, flow time test of 8-8.5 g/second, and pH of 5.6-5.8; the results of the hedonic test showed that the effervescent granule preparation was much preferred.

ABSTRAK Pola Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) adalah sekumpulan perilaku yang dipraktikan atas dasar kesadaran sebagai hasil pembelajaran yang menjadikan seseorang atau keluarga yang dapat menolong diri sendiri di bidang kesehatan dan berperan aktif dalam mewujudkan kesehatan masyarakat. penyuluhan yang dilakukan adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kepedulian siswa/i SD untuk tetap menjaga kebersihan diri dan lingkungan sekitar sehingga terhindar dari berbagai penyakit. Pelaksanaann kegiatan penyuluhan yang dilakukan berupa pemaparan materi dan tes pemahaman tentang perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat mengenai cara mencuci tangan yang benar dan membuang sampah yang benar di lingkungan sekolah. Peserta kegiatan ini adalah siswa/i SDN Cidugaleun.  Hasil tes sebelum pemaparan materi memiliki nilai rata-rata 2,03, sedangkan setelah pemaparan materi menjadi 3,61. Kemudian dianalisis menggunakan software SPSS dengan uji Wilcoxon dan diperoleh nilai p-value (0,000) <∝ (0,05).Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pengetahuan siswa/i antara sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan penyuluhan. Kata Kunci: PHBS, Kesehatan, Kebersihan, Penyuluhan  ABSTRACT Clean and Healthy Lifestyle Behavior (PHBS) is a set of behaviors that are practiced on the basis of awareness as a result of learning that makes a person or family able to help themselves in the health sector and play an active role in realizing public health. The counseling carried out is to increase the knowledge and awareness of elementary school students to maintain personal hygiene and the surrounding environment so as to avoid various diseases. Implementing the extension activities carried out in the form of material exposure and understanding tests on clean and healthy living behavior regarding how to wash hands properly and dispose of garbage properly in the school environment. The participants of this activity are students of SDN Cidugaleun. The test results before the material presentation had an average value of 2.03, while after the material exposure it became 3.61. Then analyzed using SPSS software with Wilcoxon test and obtained p-value (0.000) < (0.05). this indicates a significant difference between before and after extension activities. Keywords: PHBS, Health, Hygiene, Counseling

Musa x paradisiaca L. leaves are known to contain phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and other compounds that can be used as larvicides. This study aims to determine the effect of Musa x paradisiaca L leaves’ ethanol extract granules on the mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae. The Research was experimental in two stages of effectiveness testing, that are extract and granule formula effectiveness test. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney test. The extraction method used was maceration using 96% ethanol. The concentration of the extract dosage used were 0.2; 0.5; 1; 2; and 4%, with control (+) temephos and control (-). Repetitions were carried out 3 times with a sample total of 675 larvae. Observations were made for 12 and 24 hours. Preparation of granules using 2 formulas, formula 1 granules without extract and formula 2 granules with the extract. To fulfill the granule formulation criteria, the preparation was evaluated. The results showed that the concentration of 4% extract was the most effective at 98.7%, as stated by the Kruskal-Wallis test result,p-value <0.05, which means that there was an effect on the effectiveness of larvicide. The percentage of mortality of larvae given formula 2 is 100% and based on the Mann-Whitney test with value p<0.05, there is a difference between granule 1 and 2 formula. Criteria of granule including moisture content (1.72 %), angle of rest 240, flow velocity (50 gr/sec), and dispersion time (2.25 minutes). The granular formula of Musa x paradisiaca L leaves can make the application easier and hopefully can be used as effectively as synthetic larvicide in the community.