The objective of this study was to evaluate the biological effects of roasted Cashew nuts consumption on biochemical and murinometric parameters in dyslipidemic rats receiving lipid supplementation. Young male rats were randomly assigned to three experimental groups (n = 10). The Control group (CONT) was treated with water, the Dyslipidemic group (DL) received a high fat content emulsion throughout the experiment, and the Dyslipidemic Cashew Nuts group (DLCN) received the same high fat content emulsion throughout the experiment, yet was treated with Cashew nuts. Body parameters, biochemical, hepatic and fecal fatty acid profiles were all evaluated. The levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides were higher in the DL and DLCN groups as compared to the control group. DLCN and CONT presented no difference in HDL levels. DLCN presented higher glycemia levels than the other groups. There was reduction of body fat in DLCN as compared to other groups, but with higher accumulations of liver fat. DLCN presented a reduction in saturated hepatic fatty acids of 20.8%, and an increase of 177% in relation to CONT; there was also a 21% in increase DL for ω9 fatty acids in comparison to CONT. As for fecal fatty acids, there was a lower concentration of polysaturates in DLCN as compared to the other groups. The data showed that the consumption of Cashew nuts by the dyslipidemic animals treated with a hyperlipidic diet induced greater accumulations of liver fat and worsened glycemic levels, despite having reduced visceral fats and increased fecal fat excretion.

The hemodialysis patient undergoes numerous changes in diet. Food has an influence on the prognosis of renal patients undergoing hemodialysis and socioeconomic factors can determine food choice and adherence to treatment. From then on, the objective was to evaluate the socioeconomic conditions and food consumption of patients on chronic hemodialysis in the city of Patos, Paraíba. This is a cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, carried out with 29 adult patients, with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis, attended at the hemodialysis center. The patients 'dietary and socioeconomic parameters were assessed using a questionnaire that was answered through individual interviews during the hemodialysis session and the assessment of existing comorbidities was defined after analysis of the patients' medical records. The results obtained showed that these were patients with a compromised socioeconomic profile, who had access to basic guidelines on food, due to the monitoring at the service, however, most of them had meals outside the home, which often made their choices impossible, as well as the limitation caused by the factor. Their nutritional status is strongly correlated with the existing pathology and the psychoemotional state.