Objective: to describe the epidemiological profile of scorpionism and to investigate factors associated with case severity in the Far South of Bahia, Brazil. Methods: this was a descriptive study using data on scorpion accidents reported on the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System (SINAN) from 2010 to 2017; odds ratios (OR) were calculated to investigate factors associated with severe cases. Results: 3,055 cases were reported, of which 411 (13.5%) were severe and included 10 deaths; highest incidence occurred in 2017 (1.3 per 1,000 inhabitants); cases predominated in rural areas (62.5%), among males (70.1%), those aged 20-49 years (51%), and Black people (84%); 22.7% of those stung received serotherapy; severe cases were more frequent among children under 15 years old (OR=3.26; 95%CI 2.55;4.74), and people stung in rural areas (OR=1.40; 95%CI 1.10;1.78). Conclusion: scorpionism incidence increased; case severity was associated with younger people and occurrence in rural areas.
A B S T R A C TThe spatial distribution of benthic macrofauna on the beaches of Tramandaí, Jardim do Éden and Harmonia, was investigated over five consecutive days in April, 2003. The distribution pattern was also analyzed along with environmental parameters. Three transects were set on each beach, 50 m apart, with four sample stations set along each transect. On every station, three samples of benthic macrofauna were taken daily, with a core sampler with 20 cm diameter. In the midlittoral zone, the polychaete Euzonus furciferus and the isopod Excirolana armata dominated. In the swash zone, tidal migrators, Emerita brasiliensis, Donax hanlevanus and Mesodesma mactroides, were the most abundant species and, on some days, the polychaete Scolelepis gaucha. In the lower zones of the beaches, D. hanleyanus, M. mactroides and the amphipod Puelche orensani dominated. This zonation pattern was found for all three studied beaches, based on the average density of each species, over the five days period. Horizontal variation in the fauna was not found, either inter or intra the studied beaches, possibly due to little variability in slope and homogeneity of sediment grain size presented in the three beaches. R E S U M OA distribuição espacial da macrofauna bentônica nas praias de Tramandaí, Jardim do Éden e Harmonia foi investigada durante cinco dias consecutivos no mês de abril de 2003. Foi analisado também o padrão de distribuição da fauna em relação aos parâmetros ambientais. Foram demarcadas três transversais distantes 50 m uma da outra em cada praia e em cada transversal foram inseridas 4 estações, nas quais foram tomadas diariamente 3 amostras da macrofauna bentônica com um corer de 20 cm de diâmetro. No mesolitoral dominaram o poliqueta Euzonus furciferus e o isópode Excirolana armata. Na zona de varrido, os migradores mareais Emerita brasiliensis, Donax hanleyanus e Mesodesma mactroides foram os mais abundantes. Nas zonas inferiores das praias, dominaram D. hanleyanus, M. mactroides e o anfípode Puelche orensanzi. Este padrão de zonação foi encontrado para as três praias com base na média da densidade de cada espécie nos cinco dias estudados. Não foi encontrada variação na distribuição horizontal da fauna dentro e entre praias, provavelmente, devido a pouca variabilidade da declividade e a homogeneidade do tamanho do grão de sedimento que apresentaram as três praias.
As dimensões do conceito de Vulnerabilidade Ambiental são tipologias de informação cruciais para o planejamento da gestão de um dado território. Este trabalho tem como objetivo indicar o estado de Vulnerabilidade Ambiental do município de Teixeira de Freitas-BA. O processamento digital foi realizado nos softwares ArcGIS 10.7 e QGIS 2.18. Os sistemas coordenadas adotado foi o SIRGAS 2000 UTM 24S. As variáveis selecionadas, geradoras das cartas base foram: Geologia, Solos, Declividade e Uso e Ocupação do Solo, para as classes dessas variáveis estabeleceram-se valores que variaram de 1 (menor vulnerabilidade) a 5 (maior vulnerabilidade). O Mapa de Vulnerabilidade Ambiental foi produto da sobreposição das cartas base, resultando numa escada de vulnerabilidade dividida em cinco intervalos: muito baixa a muito alta vulnerabilidade. As classes geológicas e pedológicas presentes no Município apresentaram valores de baixa a média vulnerabilidade. Os fatores mais determinantes para os trechos de alta vulnerabilidade do mapa final foram as regiões de declividades elevadas e as formas mais agressivas de uso e ocupação do solo. Após a geração do mapa de vulnerabilidade final, foi realizado o refinamento e agrupamento de áreas isoladas com diferentes critérios. Recomenda-se para a elaboração de políticas públicas ao nível municipal a adoção do tratamento com agrupamento de áreas de até 200 pixels, o que corresponde a remoção de feições isoladas com extensão de até 3,13 ha, visto que nos demais tratamentos ocorre séria e progressiva diminuição das áreas de alta vulnerabilidade, prioritárias para os investimentos públicos. Environmental Vulnerability of the Municipality of Teixeira de Freitas-BA A B S T R A C TThe dimensions of the concept of Environmental Vulnerability are crucial information typologies for planning the management of a given territory. This paper aims to indicate the state of environmental vulnerability of the municipality of Teixeira de Freitas-BA. Digital processing was performed using ArcGIS 10.7 and QGIS 2.18 software. The coordinate systems adopted was the SIRGAS 2000 UTM 24S. The selected variables, which generated the base cards were: Geology, Soils, Declivity and Land Use and Occupation, for the classes of these variables values were set that ranged from 1 (lowest vulnerability) to 5 (highest vulnerability). The Environmental Vulnerability Map was the product of overlaying the base cards, resulting in a vulnerability ladder divided into five ranges: very low to very high vulnerability. The geological and pedological classes present in the municipality presented low to medium vulnerability values. The most determining factors for the high vulnerability stretches of the final map were the high slope regions and the most aggressive forms of land use and occupation. After the final vulnerability map was generated, refinement and grouping of isolated areas with different criteria was performed. It is recommended for the environmental planning at the municipal level the adoption of the treatment with grouping of areas of up to 200 pixels, which corresponds to the removal of isolated features with extension of up to 3.13 ha, since in the other treatments it occurs serious and progressive reduction of areas of high vulnerability, a priority for public investments.Keywords: Cartography, Geoprocessing, Environmental Planning.
ABSTRACT. Daily zonation variation of sandy beach benthic macrofauna in north coast of the Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. This work verified the daily zonation of benthic macrofauna in Tramandaí, Harmonia and Jardim do Éden beaches, north coast of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, for five consecutive days. Biological data were collected with a PVC core (20 cm diameter) along three transects distant 50 m of each other, with four levels and three samples in each level. First level was always positioned 8 m above the superior limit of swash zone and the last one was 1 m depth. There was also daily data collection of beach topographical profiles. Benthic macrofauna organisms showed a regular pattern of zonation along all days, with intertidal zone marked by the presence of the isopod Excirolana armata (Dana, 1853) and the polychaeta Euzonus furciferus (Ehlers, 1897). Swash zone was represented by a high abundance of the hippid crab Emerita brasiliensis (Schmitt, 1935), the pelecypod Donax hanleyanus (Philippi, 1842) and the polychaeta Scolelepsis gaucha (Orensanz & Gianuca, 1974). Surf zone and breaker zone did not show differences in species composition, being dominated by juvenile D. hanleyanus, Mesodesma mactroides (Deshayes, 1854), the amphipode Phoxocephalopsis zimmeri (Schellenberg, 1931), the polychaeta Hemipodus olivieri (Orensanz & Gianuca, 1974) and the bivalve Donax gemmula (Morrison, 1971). Results indicated that benthic macrofauna zonation pattern was regular, although some changes in vertical species position along the transect was observed, mainly due to swash zone variation. KEYWORDS.Benthic macrofauna, sandy beaches, zonation, Rio Grande do Sul. RESUMO.O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar a variação diária da zonação da macrofauna bentônica nas praias de Tramandaí, Harmonia e Jardim do Éden, Rio Grande do Sul. As coletas foram feitas ao longo de cinco dias consecutivos, utilizando-se um tubo de PVC de 20 cm de diâmetro. Foram demarcadas três transversais distantes 50 m uma da outra, com 4 estações de coleta e três amostras cada. As estações se estenderam desde 8 m acima do limite superior da zona de varrido (definida a cada dia) até 1 m de profundidade. Também foram coletados diariamente dados dos perfis topográficos de cada praia. Os resultados mostraram que a macrofauna bentônica apresenta um padrão de zonação regular ao longo dos dias. O intermareal foi marcado pela presença do isópode Excirolana armata (Dana, 1853) e do poliqueta Euzonus furciferus (Ehlers, 1897). A zona de varrido apresentou grande abundância do caranguejo hipídeo Emerita brasiliensis (Schmitt, 1935), do bivalvo Donax hanleyanus (Philippi, 1842) e do poliqueto Scolelepis gaucha (Orensanz & Gianuca, 1974). As zonas de "surf" e arrebentação interna não apresentaram diferenças na composição de espécies, sendo dominantes os juvenis de D. hanleyanus, Mesodesma mactroides (Deshayes, 1854), o anfípode Phoxocephalopsis zimmeri (Schellenberg, 1931), o poliqueto Hemipodus olivieri (Orensanz & Gianuca, 1974), além do bivalv...
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