The lack of physical activity that is applied in Kindergarten (PAUD) has a bad impact on the future of children. It was revealed that the designed curriculum was more dominant in the development of academic achievement. The study purpose was to develop basic movement skills in kindergarten students based on physical literacy. Materials and methods. The method used in this study was research and development methods using quantitative and qualitative settings. With a population of all kindergarten teachers in Cilacap Regency which amounted to 1,387 teachers from 350 kindergartens, the sample used was 52 teachers who were taken by proportional sampling. The data analysis technique used in his study was descriptive quantitative data analysis techniques with percentages. Results. The research findings show that each item of the statement of physical activity variables in developing students' basic movements can be seen from the average value of 4.205 which is in the very good category scale range. The statement that has the smallest average value in statement number 2 is “Do students have enough physical activity at school?” and has a value of 3.827 with a good category. While the highest average in statement number 1 is “Are Kindergarten students' physical activities held at school?” with an average value of 4.423 very good category. Conclusions. Therefore, it can be concluded that "kindergarten students' physical activities held in schools" give a very good impression and are beneficial for kindergarten (PAUD) children for their growth and development.

Educational strategies provide opportunities to create learning where students can collaborate with others (Education should be collaborative). This can be carried out through developing FSCL learning model. This research aimed to test the validity of the FSCL model product to instill the character values to junior high school students in Ponorogo Indonesia. The method used in this research was a research and development with three stages of preliminary study, product development and product testing. The validity data was taken from a validation sheet, namely: The validity of the FSCL model from aspects of the model and material was analyzed using the Likert scale. The research findings indicate that the application of the FSCL model is very feasible to instill the character values to junior high school students.

Objective. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the part and whole combination-based smash training model on smash techniques in volleyball athletes aged 11-12 years.  Materials and method. This study used an experimental field testing method, with a pretest-posttest control group design approach. The participants were 52 male volleyball athletes aged 11-12 years and had an average weight and height of ±36.02 kg and ±144.63cm. The instrument used to measure the smash technique was a volleyball skill test.  Results. The results of the descriptive analysis showed differences in the mean and standard deviation of the conventional group and the experimental group. The average value of the conventional group is 75.562 with a standard deviation of 8.7956, while the average value of the experimental group is 87.492 with a standard deviation of 1.9343. Hypothesis testing conducted using Mann-Whitney analysis found that the value of Asymp sig (2-tailed) was 0.000 <0.05, which indicates that the hypothesis is accepted.  Conclusions. Knowing the descriptive results and hypothesis testing, it is concluded that the experimental group experienced a significant improvement and was better than the conventional group. Based on the category of posttest average result assessment, the experimental group was included in the very good category. In other words, the experimental group was very competent. On this basis, this research can be used as a reference in training smash techniques for volleyball athletes at the beginner age.

The development of learning multimedia is a concrete solution to strengthen the character education (PPK) of students. This multimedia development combines the use of information technology with the inculcation of the noble character of the nation's heritage, which is undeniably true. The research method used is descriptive. This study aims to analyze the needs of multimedia learning as an alternative for strengthening character education in elementary schools (SDN). Subjects involved in the study were students in class IV at SDN I Manyaran, SDN I Wuryantoro, SDN I Pracimantoro, and SDN I Eromoko. Data collection techniques using questionnaires, observation, and interviews with several subject teachers. The results show a dimension of Appreciating Achievement, Friendly, Peaceful Love, Environmental Care and Responsibility of 80,73%. A religious dimension and lives in harmony of 76,27%. A dimension of Honesty of 78,33%. A dimension of Creativity and Curiosity of 77,35%. A dimension of Tolerance and Diversity of 81%, and A dimension of Discipline of 82,90%. The development of multimedia reinforcement of character education (PPK) could be a solution in instilling the character values of students. This is evidenced by the achievement of students who are not only high in pedagogical value, but also in increasing students' compliance with regulations that apply in families, schools, and communities Multimedia, reinforcement of character

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