The aggregation of blood platelets and the retraction of the clot were measured during the first 21 days of life in the blood of premature and newborn infants. The results were compared with those of children at the age of 6 to 14 years. At first the aggregation of blood platelets is diminished in premature and newborn infants in comparison with the results of school children. But in the period of 3 weeks of investigation a rise in the platelet aggregation is seen.The clot retraction of newborn babies in the first days of life is the same as in healthy school children. After this time the weight of the clot rises in premature and mature newborn infants. The reason for diminished clot retraction is thought to be a high number of young platelets among the whole population of blood platelets.

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The activity of Quick's thromboplastic time and the activity of accelerator globulin, proconvertin, Christmas factor and Stuart-Prower factor were studied several times before onset and during 24 h of buffer therapy in 27 newborn infants with RDS. 12 children with RDS lived and 15 infants died, 8 of them with accompanying massive intracraniM bleeding at autopsy. The therapy with buffers did not influence the activity of coagulation factors in any group of the newborn infants. However, infants with I~DS who died had a significantly lower activity of prothrombin and proaccelerin before onset of therapy compared with those who lived, and also the levels of Quick's time, prothrombin, and proconvertin had a significantly higher activity at 24 h in the group of living children. A significant increase of prothrombin and of Stuart-Prower factor at 24 h were similar in all groups (living and dead children with RDS), but no significant increase of Quick's time and proconvertin was found in the infants who died. Infants with accompanying CNS haemorrhage had the same values of coagulation factors as those with I~DS who died. SchliisselwSrter: Atemnotsyndrom --Blutgerinnung --Frfihgeborene --Haematocephahs internus --Neugeborene --Puffertherapie --I~DS.Nach Einfiihrung der Puffergherapie zur Behandlung des Atemnogsyndroms (ANS) und naeh Einfiihrung einer aufwendigen In~ensivpflege ist es gelungen, die Neugeborenensterbliehkeit in grogen Kliniken e~wa um 30--50% zu senken (Literatur siehe bei [6]). Trotz dieser giinstigen Beeinflussung der Neugeborenenletalit~t stehen naeh wie vor die h/imorrhagisehen Erkrankungen im Vordergrund, die in einer I-Igufigkeit yon 0,3--3% beim Neugeborenen angegeben werden [4,10,24,26]. Als Todesursaehe haben hierbei die intrakraniellen Blutungen besondere Bedeutung, die im Sektionsgut reifer und unreifer Neugeborener in einer ttgufigkeit yon 30--70% gefunden werden und die bevorzugt in Kombination mit dem ANS auftreten [11,15,16,19].Mit dem komplexen Pathomeehanismus dieser Blntungen und mit der zentralen Stellung des Sauerstoffmangels bei diesen St6rungen befassen sieh besonders die Arbeiten yon I-IA~rPT [9], B~LL~ [4] und K~NzE~ [13].