No abstract

No abstract

Resumen El presente estudio buscó identificar en niños preescolares la asociación de las concentraciones de hemoglobina con características socio-ambientales, maternas, biológico-nutricionales y las condiciones de salud; así como con las concentraciones séricas de zinc y retinol. Estudio transversal con muestra de 335 individuos, representativa de los niños de jardines infantiles del municipio de Campina Grande, Paraíba. En los 294 niños estudiados, el modelo ajustado mostró menores concentraciones de hemoglobina en casos de tipo de casa diferente de ladrillo; ausencia de red de escoto; colecta no pública de la basura; no tratamiento del agua para beber; dificultades maternas para leer, escribir o hacer cuentas; edad entre 9-24 meses; peso/edad < - 2 escore Z y problemas de salud en los últimos 15 días, bien como en casos de bajas concentraciones séricas de zinc y retinol. La multicausalidad de concentraciones inferiores de hemoglobina comprendió condiciones socio-ambientales y características materno-infantiles que refuerzan la importancia de medidas que prioricen los niños de menor edad, de madres con menor nivel educacional y con prejuicios en su peso, estado de salud y condición nutricional de otros micronutrientes importantes en el crecimiento.

Mandevilla Lindl. is an important genus of the Apocynaceae family, not only as ornamental plants but also for its medicinal uses. In Brazil, Mandevilla species are indicated to treat asthma and skin infections, their anti-inflammatory potential and wound healing properties are also reported in the literature. Concerning their chemical composition, this group of plants is a conspicuous producer of pregnane glycosides. Mandevilla dardanoi is an endemic species from the Brazilian semiarid region not studied by any phytochemical methods. In view of the medicinal potential of Mandevilla species, this study aimed to isolate new pregnane glycosides from M. dardanoi. To achieve this main goal, modern chromatography techniques were employed. Five new pregnane glycosides, dardanols A-E, were isolated from the roots of M. dardanoi by HPLC. Their structures were determined using extensive 1D and 2D-NMR and mass spectrometry (MSn and HRESIMS) data. The cytotoxicity and the anti-inflammatory potential of these compounds were evaluated. The first was evaluated by measuring proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide production by stimulated macrophages. Dardanols were able to inhibit the production of nitric oxide and reduce IL-1β and TNF-α. The current work demonstrates the chemodiversity of Brazilian semiarid species and contributes to amplifying knowledge about the biological potential of the Mandevilla genus.

The aim of this study was to obtain bioactive compounds from Mandevilla dardonoi (Apocynaceae), in order to contribute positively to the discovery of new sources of active natural substances. Based on this, the compounds obtained from the ethyl acetate phase were isolated by medium pressure column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H) and electrospray mass spectrometry. It was possible to isolate 6 chlorogenic acids: 3-caffeoylquinic (3-ACQ), 4-caffeoylquinic (4-ACQ), 5-caffeoylquinic (5-ACQ), 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic 4-diACQ), 3,5dicaffeoylquinic (3,5-diACQ) and 4,5dicaffeoylquinic (4,5-diACQ) acids. The research contributed positively to the expansion of the knowledge about the genus Mandevilla and especially of the species M. dardonoi, which did not exist reports of phytochemical studies in the literature.