Objective:To measure length of hospital stay (LHS) in patients receiving medication reconciliation. Secondary characteristics included analysis of number of preadmission medications, medications prescribed at admission, number of discrepancies, and pharmacists interventions done and accepted by the attending physician.Methods:A 6 month, randomized, controlled trial conducted at a public teaching hospital in southern Brazil. Patients admitted to general wards were randomized to receive usual care or medication reconciliation, performed within the first 72 hours of hospital admission.Results:The randomization process assigned 68 patients to UC and 65 to MR. LHS was 10±15 days in usual care and 9±16 days in medication reconciliation (p=0.620). The total number of discrepancies was 327 in the medication reconciliation group, comprising 52.6% of unintentional discrepancies. Physicians accepted approximately 75.0% of the interventions.Conclusion:These results highlight weakness at patient transition care levels in a public teaching hospital. LHS, the primary outcome, should be further investigated in larger studies. Medication reconciliation was well accepted by physicians and it is a useful tool to find and correct discrepancies, minimizing the risk of adverse drug events and improving patient safety.
INTRODUÇÃODesde a publicação, em 2000, do relatório do Institute of Medicine intitulado "To Err is Human" (Errar é humano), aumentou-se significativamente a atenção sobre a segurança do paciente. A publicação mostrou que os erros no cuidado em saúde nos Estados Unidos têm grande impacto na morbidade e mortalidade dos pacientes. Entre os fatores que contribuem para os erros está a complexidade da farmacoterapia moderna, que leva à confusão dos pacientes no momento de gerenciar seus tratamentos e aos erros dos profissionais que prestam assistência à saúde. Assim, os erros de medicação têm grande importância clínica. Entretanto, as definições associadas com esse tipo de erro podem ser confusas, e o impacto sobre os indivíduos e a sociedade pode ser subestimado. O objetivo desse artigo é fornecer uma visão geral dos erros de medicação para os médicos ligados a atenção primária e internistas, com foco em 1) definições e terminologias; 2) incidência; 3) fatores de risco; 4) estratégias de prevenção; e 5) divulgação e consequências legais dos erros de medicação. TERMOS E DEFINIÇÕESOs termos relacionados à segurança do paciente e aos erros de medicação são confusos devido à sobreposição das várias definições. No quadro abaixo, estão descritas algumas das importantes definições relacionadas aos erros de medicação. Erros de Medicação: Resumo dos Pontos Chave Definições Erro de medicação -qualquer erro existente em qualquer etapa do processo de uso de medicamentos Farmacovigilância -ciência e atividades relacionadas à detecção, avaliação, compreensão e prevenção de efeitos adversos ou qualquer outro problema relacionado aos medicamentos Evento adverso a medicamento: resultado adverso que pode ser atribuído, com certo grau de probabilidade, à ação do medicamentoOs erros de medicação foram classificados pela American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (Sociedade Americana dos Farmacêuticos do Sistema de Saúde) a fim de facilitar a comunicação entre os profissionais de saúde e assim melhorar as estratégias de prevenção. JOURNAL CLUB
RESUMOAs porfirias são patologias relacionadas a um defeito metabólico presente na via de biossíntese do heme. São doenças pouco conhecidas, e por serem raras, com sintomas inespecíficos e com uma variedade ampla na sua apresentação, muitas vezes ocorre atraso no diagnóstico, com demora no tratamento e piora do prognóstico. Podem ser divididas em porfirias cutâneas e agudas, com manifestações neurológicas ocorrendo nessa última. Esse artigo visa uma revisão sobre as porfirias agudas e esclarecimento sobre o assunto.Palavras chave: porfiria, doenças metabólicas, manifestações clínicas, neuropatia. ABSTRACTThe porphyrias can be considered as a pathology related to a metabolic defect in the biosynthesis pathway of the heme. They are rare and not very well know diseases, what in addiction to a wide range of presentations and symp-toms leads to a delay in the diagnosis, treatment and poor prognosis. They can be classified into cutaneous and acute porphyria -this second characterized by neurologic symptoms. The meaning of this paper is to review about acute porphyrias.
Introduction. Skin disorders can be the first manifestation of occult diseases. The recognition of typical paraneoplastic dermatoses may anticipate the cancer diagnosis and improve its prognosis. Although rarely observed, the sudden appearance and/or rapid increase in number and size of seborrheic keratoses can be associated with malignant neoplasms, known as the sign of Leser-Trélat. The aim of this report is to unveil a case of a patient whose recently erupted seborrheic keratoses led to investigation and consequent diagnosis of bladder cancer. Case Presentation. A 67-year-old man was admitted to the intensive care unit due to an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). On physical examination, multiple seborrheic keratoses on the back of the hands, elbows, and trunk were observed; the patient had a 4-month history of these lesions yet was asymptomatic. The possibility of Leser-Trélat syndrome justified the investigation for neoplasia, and a bladder carcinoma was detected by CT-scan. The patient denied previous hematuria or any other related symptoms. Many of the lesions regressed during oncologic treatment. Conclusion. Despite the critics on the validity of the sign of Leser-Trélat, our patient fulfills the description of the disease, though urinary malignancy is a rare association. That corroborates the need of further investigation when there is a possibility of paraneoplastic manifestation.
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