This study was planned to throw the light on the prevalence of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in meat and meat products and determine its virulence gene that may be considered a significant food safety threat. Therefore two hundred samples of meat and meat products; minced meat, kofta, sausage, beefburger, pastirma, luncheon and hot dog (25 of each) were randomly collected from supermarkets, butcher shops and street vendors in Ismailia city. Bacteriological examination revealed that the prevalence of E. coli was 17% of the total collected samples. Serological identification of E. coli isolated from meat, minced meat, beefburger and pastirma revealed that strains of E.

A total of 100 random samples of raw milk were collected from different markets in Port-Said city aseptically for isolation and identification of Pseudomonas species. The results revealed that the Pseudomonas species could be detected in a percentage of 6% from raw milk samples. Six strains were identified biochemical as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study confirms the rapidity and sensitivity of 16SrDNA analysis in identifying strains which contribute in early monitoring, accurate analysis and control of microbial risks in food products. The described methodology has special relevance in raw milk quality control and safety. Molecular characterizations of P. aeruginosa were confirmed using 16SrDNA of Pseudomonas spp. and 16SrDNA of P. aeruginosa by conventional PCR. Which were developed with specific primers for the detection of different virulence genes (oprL, toxA, lasI, rhlR, ExoU, ExoS and ecfX) of P. aeruginosa, which may be considered a significant in food safety threat. P. aeruginosa possesses a variety of virulence genes that may contribute to its pathogenicity. Our results showed that oprL and oxA genes were detected in all 6 tested strains of P. aeruginosa, while lasI gene was detected in strains 1,2,3,4. But ExoS gene was detected only in 1, 2, and 3 strains. On the other hand Rhl1 gene was detected in 1, 3, and 4 tested strains. ExoU, rhlR, and ecfX genes not detect in any tested strains. PCR method is rapid than other diagnostic methods for the identification of P. aeruginosa strains, without using additional biochemical tests and It is a useful technique for detection its virulence genes. The public health hazard of this microorganism, as well as recommended measures to improve quality status of raw milk was discussed.

was isolated from basturma only in 4 samples (26.6%). On other hand L. monocytogenes could not be isolated from any of the other examined samples. Polymerase chain reaction is a powerful technique for detection of pathogens in foods. It is a rapid procedure with both sensitivity and specificity for quick detection and identification of specific pathogenic bacteria from different sources. Listeria monocytogenes detection methods based on PCR amplification of the prfA and hly genes sequences have been reported. The virulence gene prfA was found in all isolates which is responsible for the initiation of pathogenesis so its target is to detect pathogenic L. monocytogenes. The public health hazard of this microorganism as well as recommended measures to improve quality status of ready-to-eat (RTE) meals was discussed.

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A total of 100 minced meat samples were collected from different butchers in Port-Said city for isolation and identification of Staph. aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp.. The results revealed that Staph. aureus, E. coli and Salmonella spp. could be detected in a percentage of 14%, 12% and 1% respectively from minced meat samples. Molecular characterizations of all isolated S. aureus, E. coli and Salmonella spp. were confirmed using 16S rRNA, phoA and invA, respectively by conventional PCR at 791 bp; 720 bp and 284 bp, respectively. Multiplex PCR was developed with specific primers for the detection of different enterotoxin genes (Sea, Seb, Sec, Sed and See) of Staph. aureus, (Stx1, Stx2, STa and lt) of E. coli and (stn) of Salmonella which may be considered a significant in food safety threat. The obtained results showed that the positive serotypes for enterotoxin genes were (Seb in 3 isolates and Sed in one isolate) of Staph. aureus at 164 bp and 278 bp respectively; (Stx2 in 2 isolates and STa in 2 isolates) of E. coli at 779 bp and 229 bp, respectively. Conventional PCR is rapid methods for the confirmation of Staph. aureus, E. coli and Salmonella spp., while multiplex PCR is a useful technique for detection of enterotoxin genes. The public health hazards of this isolated organism, as well as recommended measures to improve quality status of minced meat were discussed.