Latar Belakang: Exfoliative cheilitis adalah suatu keadaan inflamatori kronis superfisisal yang ditandai dengan adanya pengelupasan permukaankeratin bibir sedangkan area yang lain terjadi pembentukan lapisan keratin. Tujuan: untuk melaporkan suatu  kasus Exfoliative cheilitis yang diikuti +  selama 2 bulan beserta penatalaksanaanya. Laporan kasus: seorang wanita berusia 52 tahun mengeluh bibir bawahnya pecah-pecah, terasa kering dan panas berdasarkan pemeriksaan subyektif dan klinis, Exfoliative cheilitis ditetapkan sebagai diagnosis kerja. Penatalaksanaanya: Komunikasi-Informasi-Edukasi (KIE) diberikan kepada pasien pada awal kunjungan disertai pemberian metil prednisolon, Vitamin B1,6,12 dan anjuran untuk menghentikan kebiasaan menjilat-jilat bibir bawah, menghindari stress dan meningkatkan asupan makanan yang mengandung vitamin A. Pada kunjungna berikutnya pemberian metil prednisolon dihentikan karena terdeteksi adanya peningkatan tekanan darah. Untuk selanjutnya kondisi bibir bawah dievaluasi +  selama 2 bulan. Kesimpulan: Progresitas Exfoliative cheilitis dapat dihentikan dengan bantuan KIE serta menghindari faktor pemicu stress, yang pada akhirnya akan dapat meminimalisir aktivitas factitious berupa menjilat-jilat bibir bawah.  Background: Exfoliative cheilitis is a chronic superficial inflammatory condition that is characterized by regular peeling of a superficial excessive layer of karatin, on the other hand, keratinization is developed in the other area. Aim: to report an Exfoliative cheilitis case monitored for two months and its management. Case Report: a 52 year female has been suffering from fissured lower lip with dry and burning sensations. According to subjective and clinical examinations, Exfoliative cheilitis was determined as the working diagnosis. Management: Communication-Information-Education (CIE) were given to the patient at the first visit, besides metyl prednisolon and vitamin B1,6,12 administrations. Patient was also suggested to stop licking the lower lip, to avoid any stress and to increase vitamin A containing food. For the next visit, metyl prednisolon administration was stopped since increasing blood pressure detected. Then, evaluation to the lower lip was conducted during around two months. Conclusion: Progression of exfoliative cheilitis can be stopped by CIE and stress avoidance, in turn, factitious activity (licking the lower lip) can be minimalized.

Indonesians have been using herbal medicines for a long time to cure some illnesses. Carica papaya L is an example of an herb that contains papain enzymes, saponins, lysozymes, lipases, flavonoids, polyphenols and vitamin C. These ingredients are believed to be beneficial for the wound healing process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of topical application of ethanolic extract of Carica papaya L to the healing process of rat mouth ulcer. Subjects were 32 Wistar rats divided into 2 groups (control group and treatment group), each group containing 16 rats. All subjects were made to suffer from ulcers using glacial acetyl acid applied for 40 seconds in the buccal mucosa. Treatment group was treated with papaya leaf ethanolic extract on ulcers twice a day using microbrush, while the ulcer in the control group was not treated with the extract. The ulcerated tissue was biopsied and stained with H&E. Observations were performed on the day 0, 3 rd , 7 th and 12 th on HE slides. Data were observed by looking at three indicators of wound healing i.e. macrophage, angiogenesis and re-epithelisation. Number of macrophages and angiogenesis were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. Data of epithelial thickness were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test. The post hoc test in the treatment group and the control group on day 0 showed results of p = 1.00. On day 3, day 7 and day 12, the result of p was <0.05. In the treatment group on day 0 compared to the treatment group on the 3 rd , 7 th , 12 th day, the results were p<0.05. In the treatment group on the 3 rd day compared to the 7 th and 12 th days the results were p>0.05. The treatment group on the 7 th day compared to the treatment group on the 12 th day had p>0.05. In the control group, on day 0 compared to day 3, the results of p>0.05, while the control group day 0 with day 7, 12 had a result of p<0.05. The control group on the 3 rd day was compared with the 7 th day. The 12 th also had a result of p<0.05. The comparison between the 7 th and 12 th day control groups showed p of >0.05. These data suggest that the papaya leaf ethanolic extract could accelerate the healing of oral ulcer on the buccal mucosa of wistar rats.

Allicin (diallyl thiosulfinate) is the main component of fresh garlic with multi-bioactivities as therapeutic agent. Recently, allicin is being proposed as alternative therapy for aphthous ulcer. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of topical allicin in aqueous garlic extract on re-epithelialization during healing of acetic acid induced oral ulcer model. Thirty males SD rats aged 2 months were equally divided into two groups as experimental and control groups. After sedated with 0.2 ml intramuscular Ketamine injection, ulcer model was made by applying 99.5% glacial acetic acid-moistened paper disc on rat buccal mucosa. This would generate an immediate necrotic tissue, which produced a single crateriform ulcer in each of the experimental rats for the next two days. In the experimental group, one drop of allicin was applied twice daily onto the lesion. Three rats in each group were sacrificed on days 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 after induction and were recorded as H 0 , H 1 , H 4 , H 7 and H 10 groups, respectively. The tissue samples from buccal mucosa were processed for Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) staining, and then evaluated histologically. Re-epithelialization was assessed by measuring the thickness of the epithelium using an ocular micrometer under a light microscope. Data were analyzed statistically by Independent t-test with significant p-values of <0.05 (95%). Based on histological findings and trend graphs, it can be concluded that the topical application of allicin can accelerate re-epithelialization of ulcer healing process. This study suggests that allicin in aqueous garlic extract could be developed as therapeutic agent for aphthous ulcer.

Latar belakang: kandidiasis (kandidosis) adalah infeksi jamur yang disebabkan oleh spesies Candida biasanya Candida albicans. Faktor predisposisi yang memicu kandidiasis adalah terganggunya ekologi mulut karena antara lain pemakaian antibiotika, kortikosteroid, penyakit kronis dan keganasan, beberapa gangguan darah; terapi radiasi di leher dan kepala; khemoterapi; leukimia, obat sitotoksik, juga kebersihan mulut yang buruk. Tujuan: melaporkan kasus kandidiasis di mulut karena khemoterapi dan penatalaksanaannya. Kasus dan penatalaksanaannya: seorang anak laki-laki umur 3 tahun 11 bulan penderita Leukimia Limfoblastik Akut (LLA) sedang dalam perawatan khemoterapi menderita kandidiasis di mulut sehingga mengalami disfoni dan disfagia. Makanan dimasukkan lewat hidung. Klinis pasien terlihat lemah infus lewat tangan. Dalam mulut terlihat patch putih tebal menutupi permukaan dorsal dan ventral lidah, palatum durum dan ventral lidah, palatum durum dan molle, mukosa pipi kanan kiri dan gingiva rahang atas dan bawah. Pasien disedasi untuk dilakukan pengerokan lapisan kandida di mulut; pemberian Nystatin solution dan ketokonazol dilanjutkan. Pengerokan psedomembran kandidiasis telah memberikan hasil yang memuaskan, satu minggu kemudian rongga mulut pasien sudah terlihat bersih, pasien sudah dapat makan minum melalui mulut, juga sudah dapat berbicara lagi/tidak serah. Kesimpulan: Pembersihan jamur dengan pengerokan telah dilakukan, kandidiasis pseudomembran dapat diangkat dan mulut pasien sudah bersih, pasien dapat makan dan berbicara lagi. Background: Candidiasis (candidosis) is an fungal infection caused by Candida species usually Candida albicans. Predisposing factors which trigger candidiasis are the ecological disruption caused by use of oral antibiotics, corticosteroids, malignancy and chronic disease; some blood disorders; head and neck radiation; chemotherapy; leukimia, cytotoxic drugs, as well as poor oral hygiene. Aim: To report a case of Candidiasis in the mouth due to chemotherapy and its management. Case and Management: A boy with acute lymphoblastic leukimia (ALL) aged 3 years and 11 months has being treatment of chemotherapy suffer from Candidiasis in the mouth so he can not eat, talk. Food is inserted through the nose. Clinical finding, patient seen through the hand of week infusion. In the mouth looks thick white patch covering the dorsal tongue, ventral tongue, hard palate and soft palate, cheek mucosa and gingival right, left upper and lower jaws. Under sedation the layer of pseodomembranous Candidiasis was scrabed to eliminated Candida coloni. Conclusion: The scrabing of psedomembranous candidiasis have been done, so he can speek and eat.

Latar belakang: Terapi radiasi merupakan metode primer perawatan pasien kanker leher dan kepala. Perubahan funsional dan kerusakan jaringan oral menyebabkan timbulnya mukositia oral yang diikuti dengan kandidiasis oral. Tujuan: Melaporkan efek samping perawatan khemoterapi dan radioterapi pada pasien kanker nasofaring yang terjadi di rongga mulut berupa kandidiasis pseudomembran akut dan mukositis oral serta penatalaksanaannya. Kasus: Seorang laki-laki, 69 tahun, datang ke Bagian Gigi dan Mulut RSUP Dr. Sardjito, atas rujukan dari instalasi Penyakit Dalam., RSUP Dr. Sardjito, dengan keluhan sakit untuk menelan makanan dan mulutnya banyak bercak-bercak putih. Keluhan dirasakan satu minggu setelah dilakukan khemoterapi ke-3 dan radioterapi ke-9. Pasien didiagnosa kanker nasofaring (NPC) dengan klasifikasi T2N3M0. Pemeriksaan klinik menunjukkan adanya lapisan putih pada mukosa lidah, pipi, palatum, dan mukosa bibir. Seluruh mukosa mulut berwarna merah tua dan terdapat anguler cheilitis di kedua sudut bibir. Pasien diklasifikasikan menderita mukositis oral derajat 1. Penatalaksanaan: Menghilangkan jaringan nekrotik dan debris dengan berkumur larutan perhidrol 3% dan pemberian medikasi termasuk tablet nistatin 500.000 IU, betadin kumur, dan larutan perhidrol 3% selama 1 minggu. Saat reevaluasi, pasien sudah dapat menelan dan makan yang sedikit keras tanpa ada rasa sakit lagi. Pemeriksaan klinis didapatkan bercak putih di lidah, palatum, pipi dan bibir sudah tidak ada. Warna mukosa oral telah normal, OHI dan kondisi umum baik dalam 1 minggu pasca perawatan. Kesimpulan: Perawatan kandidiasis dan mukositis oral akibat kemoradioterapi pada pasien kanker nasofaring telah berhasil dan kondisi oral membaik. Pasien dapat mengunyah dan menelan makanan tanpa ada rasa sakit, dan hasil pengobatan yang diberikan pada pasien sesuai dengan harapan operator. Background: Radiation therapy remains the primary method of treatment for patients with head and neck cancer. The tissue destruction and functional alterations in the oral cavity lead to the development of oral mucositis followed by oral candidiasis. Purpose: The aim of study was to report the side effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment of nasopharyng cancer patient included acute pseudomembran candidiasis and oral mucositis, and its treatment. Case: 69 year old man, came to dental clinic, Sardjito hospital, as refered from Internal Medicine department, Sardjito hospital, with complained painful for food swallowing and found white spots at oral cavity. Chief complaint was detected one week after third chemotherapy and nine radiotherapy treatments. Nasopharyng cancer was diagnosed with T2N3M0 clasifiacation. Clinical examination showed white spots at tongue, buccal, palatal and lip mucosa. All of oral mucosa coloured bright-red and anguler cheilitis appeared at both lip angle. Patient was clasified (by WHO) to have oral mucositis with level 1. Management: removal of necrotic tissue and debris using perhidrol 3% solution, and also medication by nistatin tablet 500.000 IU, betadin gargle, and perhidrol 3% solution for 1 week. In control, patient feeled comfortable while food swallowing and could eat a slightly hard food without pain. Clinical examination revealed that white spot at tongue, buccal, palatal and lip mucosa was disappeared. Normal colour was found at all of oral mucosa. Also, oral hygiene and general condition were good in 1 week post treatment. Conclusion: Treatment of acute pseudomembran candidiasis and oral mucositis caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy of nasopharyng cancer patient was recovered. Patient could chew and swallow of food without painful, and results of treatment to this pastient gave us a satisfied.