No abstract

Based on the 2017 IDHS survey, most adolescent women (80%) and men (84%) reported dating. The 15-17 years is the age group when adolescents start dating. Teenage dating activities lead to sexual behavior, such as holding hands, hugging, kissing lips, touching sensitive parts, and having sex. This study aims to determine the influence of the background characteristics of adolescents (age, area of residence, level of education) and social patterns (having friends having premarital sex, having the urge because of friends, influencing friends to have premarital sex, considering virginity important) on the incidence of premarital sex in Central Kalimantan 2017. Secondary data were obtained from the 2017 IDHS survey. Data analysis was performed by univariate, bivariate (Spearman rho test), and multivariate (logistic regression test). The results showed that 88% of respondents had sexual behavior orientation, and 12% did not. The correlation analysis explains a significant relationship between premarital sexual behavior and the area of residence. Respondents who live in cities are 3.47 times more likely to commit premarital sexual behavior (α<0,05 = 0,021; OR = 3.47). In addition, there is sufficient evidence to suggest a relationship between premarital sexual behavior and education level, respondents who attend high school and above are 2.71 times more likely to have premarital sexual behavior (α<0,10 = 0,066; OR = 2.71). Meanwhile, other variables from background characteristics and social patterns have no significant relationship/do not influence premarital sexual behavior. So it can be concluded that the background characteristics in the area of residence (Sig Wald <0.0) have a significant partial effect on adolescents' incidence of premarital sexual behavior in Central Kalimantan.

Rambusa (Passiflora foetida L) is a medicinal plant that is widely found in various regions in Indonesia, including in Central Kalimantan. Rambusa is empirically used as an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. Previous research has shown that the content of Rambusa (Passiflora foetida Linn) leaves from Central Kalimantan is one of the steroids which has anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the ethanol extract of rambusa leaves can be processed into anti-inflammatory cream preparations and to determine the results of physical tests, namely organoleptic tests, homogeneity tests, dispersibility tests, and pH tests. This research was conducted by the smelting method. The results showed that the three creams of ethanol extract of rambusa leaf (Passiflora foetida L) had met the requirements for physical properties of homogeneity, spreadability, and pH.

COVID-19 infection regardless of age. It can infect children, adults, and older adults. Children and older adults are high-risk groups of infection. An orphanage where many children live in one place with a high risk of transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Education about prevention of infection and the spread of COVID-19 transmission at Darul Tazkiyah orphanage Palangka Raya was needed. The implementation methods included a pre-test, education about COVID-19, post-test, and submission of calendars containing information on prevention of COVID-19, posters, betel leaf extract hand sanitizers and health protocols banners. A total of 46 orphanage children became respondents. The paired sample t-test showed that p-value (0.000) <0.05. It meant there was a difference between pre-test and post-test results, which meant there was an increasing children's knowledge about prevention of infection and the spread of COVID-19 transmission at Darul Tazkiyah Orphanage, Palangka Raya. Based on the results of the service activities carried out, it showed that providing education can increase children's knowledge about how efforts to prevent transmission of COVID-19, so it is hoped that this increased knowledge can minimize transmission of COVID-19 and help government programs to reduce positive cases of COVID-19 in Palangka Raya in particular.

Gnemon chip is a very promising material to be developed as functional food and pharmacological agents. However, it has been stigmatized for its tendency to trigger serum uric acid production.Meanwhile, frying has been assumed to deteriorate important metabolites. This study was aimed to determine uric acid concentration in post feeding and to examine the constituents fitness due to frying based on HPLC, HPTLC methods and antioxidant activity. Uric acid concentrations were found to be normal ranging from 1.07 to 1.35 mg/dl. All chromatograms possessed a similar profile with the raw. A major compound identified with gnemonoside D was isolated and used as a marker. DPPH assay demonstrated that all samples lasted potent antioxidant with IC 50 values ranging from 16.12 6 0.65 to 19.34 6 0.62 mg/ml, which is stronger than a-tocopherol. The developed analytical system can be used for future analytical standard in the manufacturing of Gnemon seed-based derivative products. Practical applicationsThis is the first article clarifying that Gnetum gnemon chip does not trigger serum uric acid in vivo.The stability and fitness post-frying processes based on chemical compositions and antioxidant activities were revealed. HPLC and HPTLC systems were successfully developed for quality control methods for future manufacturing or post-harvesting steps. Gnemonoside D was isolated and exhibited as a reliable marker.