This study aims to examine the physical literacy of elementary school students in Gorontalo city. The study involved 338 participants consisting of 207 males and 131 females. The location was conducted at Stadium Merdeka 23 Januari. This is descriptive research with an evaluative method. The research instrument consisted of sprint tests, pull-ups, sit-ups and upright jumps and moderate running. Sprints are done to find out the level of students' speed at a certain distance. Pull up is to find out the strength of the arm,whichis realized through the frequency of lifting the body's weight. Sit-ups are to determine the strength of abdominal muscles marked by frequency. Upright jump is to determine the explosive power of the leg muscles by making the highest jump. Running is a run that maintains the stability of accuracy from running fast to moderate. The results showed that the physical literacy level of elementary school students in Gorontalo City was divided into four categories, namely very low, low, medium,andgood. Students with a physical literacy in the low-level category were eight (2.36%), low physical literacy level was 135 (39.94%), medium category was 166 (49.11%) and good physical literacy level category was 38 people (9.79%).

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat sejauh mana literasi kebugaran guru Pendidikan Jasmani yang berada di Kecamatan Telaga, Kabupaten Gorontalo. Subjek penelitian adalah guru pendidikan jasmani se-Kecematan Telaga Kabupaten Gorontalo yang berjumlah 33 orang yang terdiri dari 22 laki-laki dan 11 perempuan. Lokasi penelitian Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 1 Telaga Kabupaten Gorontalo. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif, dengan metode penelitian evaluatif. Instrumen penelitian yaitu; bleep test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa literasi kebugaran guru-guru pendidikan jasmani se-Kecamatan Telaga Kabupaten Gorontalo terbagi 2 kategori yaitu kurang sekali dan kurang. Laki-laki dengan kategori Kurang Sekali sebanyak 17 orang atau 77%, dan kategori kurang sebanyak 5 orang atau 23%. Sedangkan perempuan dengan kategori kurang sekali sebanyak 10 orang atau 90% dan kategori kurang sebanyak 1 orang atau 10%.

Issue of dental carries which is closely related to the consumption of cariogenic food, has not only become a dental health [roblem, but has also become an avid research interest in the room of scholarly research discussion. This study aimed to present an illustration of the association between cariogenic food and the occurence of dental caries in children. This was a literature review study using a descriptive research design. The electronic data base Science Technology Index (SINTA), specifically SINTA 2 and SINTA 3, was used to collect the appropriate reviewed articles, by using the entry keywords of “karies” “caries”, “karies gigi pada anak”, “dental caries in children”, “makanan kariogenik”, and “cariogenic foods”. The results obtained seven articles fitting the topics. All articles stated that consumption of cariogenic foods including sweet food, carbohydrate-rich food, and sweet drink played an important role in the occurrence of dental caries among children. In conclusion, cariogenic food contributing to dental caries issue in children included sweet and carbohydrate foods as well as soft drinks.Keywords: dental caries; cariogenic food; children Abstrak: Isu karies gigi yang lekat kaitannya dengan konsumsi makanan kariogenik tidak hanya menjadi masalah di bidang kesehatan gigi, tetapi juga telah menjadi bahan riset menarik dalam ruang diskusi kajian ilmiah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan hubungan antara makanan kariogenik dengan kejadian karies gigi pada anak. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature review dengan desain penelitian deskriptif. Penelusuran bahan pustaka dilakukan dengan cara memasukkan kata kunci “karies” “caries”, “karies gigi pada anak”, “dental caries in children”, “makanan kariogenik”, dan “cariogenic foods” dengan memanfaatkan basis data Science Technology Index (SINTA), khususnya SINTA 2 dan SINTA 3. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan tujuh artikel yang sesuai dengan topik bahasan. Ketujuh artikel tersebut manyatakan bahwa mengonsumsi makan kariogenik yang mencakup makanan manis, berkarbohidrat maupun minuman ringan manis berandil besar tehadap kejadian karies gigi pada anak. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah makanan kariogenik yang menjadi biang masalah terjadinya karies gigi pada anak meliputi makanan manis dan berkarbohidrat serta minuman ringan.Kata kunci: karies gigi; makanan kariogenik; anak

This study aims to dissect the problem of diabetic neuropathy by analyzing risk factors such as age, length of suffering from Diabetes Mellitus (DM), history of contraceptive use, and glycemic control, which are the source of triggers. This study is a cross-sectional study with an analytical observational design. The results showed that from a sample of 225 patients with type 2 diabetes, 192 samples (85.4%) had diabetic neuropathy, while the remaining 33 samples (14.6%) did not have diabetic neuropathy. Regarding the length of suffering from DM, history of contraceptive use, and glycemic control, this study showed a significant relationship between these three variables on the incidence of diabetic neuropathy with -values ​​of 0.048, 0.044, and 0.004, respectively. On the other hand, in terms of the relationship between age and the incidence of neuropathy, this study revealed no significant relationship between the two with an -value of 0.476. In conclusion, the factors associated with diabetic neuropathy are the duration of diabetes mellitus, history of contraceptive use, and glycemic control.   Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Risk Factors, Diabetic Neuropathy