BackgroundTo determine the relationship between renal cell carcinoma subtypes and the associated mortality and biochemical parameters. An additional aim was to analyze multiphasic multidetector computed tomography findings.MethodsThis study is a hospital-based retrospective investigation, using 211 patients with a diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma upon computed tomography examination. The histological subtypes included clear cell in 119 patients, chromophobe cell in 30 patients, papillary cell in 25 patients, mixed cell in 32 patients, and sarcomatoid cell in 4 patients.ResultsThe mean age of the patients participating in this study was 61.18 ± 11.81 years, and the mortality rate was 10.4% (n = 22) through the 2-year follow-up. The ratios of both the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte upon admission to the hospital and platelet-to-lymphocyte of the non-surviving group were significantly higher than those of the surviving group (p < 0.05). When the analysis of the 2-year survival of the patients was examined according to the median platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio values, the Kaplan-Meier survival curves were significantly different between the surviving and non-surviving groups (p = 0.01). In two-way analysis of variance test, statistically significant results which were influenced by mortality (p = 0.028) and were found between renal cell carcinoma subtypes in the computed tomography density of corticomedullary phase (p = 0.001).ConclusionsThe neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio may represent widely available biomarkers in renal cell carcinoma, and the logistic regression model indicated that neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was a significant predictor for mortality. According to the median platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio values, the Kaplan-Meier survival curves were significantly different between the surviving and non-surviving groups.

Purpose We studied the use of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of penile fracture.Materials and Methods Between 1997 and 2012, fifteen patients (age range 17-48 years, mean age 37 years) with suspected penile fracture underwent MRI examinations. Ten patients were injured during sexual intercourse, whereas four patients were traumatized by non-physiological bending of the penis during self manupilation, one patient was traumatized falling from the bed. Investigations were performed with 1.5T MR unit. With the patient in the supine position, the penis was taped against the abdominal wall and surface coil was placed on the penis. All patients were studied with axial, coronal, sagittal precontrast and postcontrast T1-weighted TSE(TR/TE:538/13 msn) and T2-weighted TSE(5290/110 msn) sequences. All patient underwent surgical exploration. The follow-up ranged from 3 months to 72 months. Clinically all patients showed normal healing process without complications. In 11 patients a shortening and thickening of tunica albuginea was observed. Three patients have post traumatic erectil disfunction.Results In all patient corpus cavernosum fractures were clearly depicted on a discontinuity of the low signal intensity of tunica albuginea. These findings were most evident on T1WI and also depicted on T2W sequences. Images obtained shortly after contrast medium administration showed considerable enhancement only in rupture site. Subcutaneous extratunical haematoma in all patients were also recognizable on T2 WI. MRI findings were confirmed at surgery.Conclusions Magnetic resonance imaging is of great value for the diagnosis of penile fracture. Furthermore this method is well suited for visualising the post-operative healing process

Objective: Although mammography is the primary imaging method of the breast, incidental benign and malignant breast lesions are increasingly being detected on computed tomographies (CTs) performed to detect different pathologies. Therefore, the detection and accurate identification of these lesions is important. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the frequency, morphological features, and results of incidental breast lesions on CTs performed for the detection of extramammarian pathologies. Materials and Methods:Incidental breast lesions on CTs performed in our department between 2011 and 2013 were evaluated. Patients who had previously diagnosed breast lesions were excluded from the study. The inclusion criteria were histopathologic diagnose and being followed -up for at least 2 years. Results:The study population consisted of 33 women whose mean age was 55±1.38 (37-78) years. Of the 33 women, 12 (36%) had malignant and 21 (64%) had benign or normal findings. The most common malignant lesion was invasive ductal carcinoma, and the most common benign lesion was fibroadenoma. Ill-defined contour and lymphadenopathy in malignant lesions and well-defined contour in benign lesions were the most important CT findings. Conclusion:Breast must be carefully evaluated if it is included in the scans. An accurate report of breast lesions gives an opportunity for early diagnosis and treatment. Keywords: Computed tomography, thorax, breast, incidental findings IntroductionCurrently, mammography, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the basic radiologic methods to diagnose breast diseases. However, the widespread use of multislice computed tomography (CT) in the last decade increased the rate of incidentally detected breast lesions in return, although, it is not a primary breast imaging method. Especially new generation multi-slice CTs with high spatial resolution reveal structures and pathologies that could not be previously viewed in detail. With the widespread use of multislice CT scans and higher resolution, the rate of detecting incidental findings unrelated to the main disease is increasing. These incidental findings sometimes lead to unnecessary further investigations and follow-up that result in higher cost and anxiety (1). Another problem related to this issue is radiologists' being specialized according to the field of pathology. That is why, they may fail to identify pathologies outside this area. For example, when a radiologist specialized in chest CT evaluates the breast tissue within the cross-sectional area, she/he can misinterpret or overlook some abnormalities (2).It has previously been shown that CT may detect incidental breast lesions during pulmonary and cardiac imaging. There are studies describing the characteristics of breast lesions incidentally detected on CT. However, these studies are limited in number (3-8).The aim of this study was to assess the frequency, CT features and results of breast lesions that were referred to our clinic after being detected by CT scans obtained to in...

Plevral hastalıkların görüntülenmesi: Akciğer grafisi temelinde görüntüleme yöntemlerinin değerlendirilmesi Plevra kaynaklı patolojilerin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan birincil tanı yöntemi konvansiyonel akciğer radyografisidir. Sıklıkla görülen plevra patolojisi plevral kalınlaşma ve efüzyondur. Arka ön akciğer radyografisi (PA, posteroanterior) küçük miktardaki plevral efüzyonu göstermeyebilir. Lateral dekübitus radyografisi ve toraks ultrasonografisi (USG) az miktardaki plevral efüzyonu ortaya koymada daha etkin yöntemlerdir. PA radyografide tek taraflı homojen yoğunluk artışı gösteren olgularda toraks ultrasonografisi plevral ve parankimal patolojilerin ayırıcı tanısında yararlı bilgiler vermektedir. Akciğer radyografisinde saptanan plevral efüzyon veya kalınlaşma altta yatan hastalığı veya parankimal patolojiyi gizleyebilir. Bu nedenle bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) plevral hastalığın yaygınlığını ve nedenini ortaya koymada yararlı bilgiler sağlamaktadır. BT(koronal ve sagital reformat görüntüler) plevral kalınlaşma veya efüzyonla birlikte bulunan parankimal lezyonların ayırt edilmesini sağlayabilir. Ayrıca BT göğüs duvarı, mediasten ve diyafragma invazyonunu, hiler ve/veya mediastinal lezyonları ayrıntılı olarak gösterebilir. Manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) standart noninvaziv yöntemlerin yetersiz kaldığı olgularda tamamlayıcı yöntem olarak kullanılabilir.

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