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<p> </p><p>Kelembagaan dalam pengembangan agribisnis gula merupakan upaya peningkatan kualitas hidup masyara-kat tani, yang dicapai melalui investasi teknologi, pengembangan produktivitas tenaga kerja, pembangunan sarana ekonomi, serta penataannya, sumber daya manusia dan sumber daya alam. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi berkaitan dengan agribisnis gula, yaitu (1) produktivitas yang cenderung turun yang disebab-kan antara lain karena penerapan teknologi <em>on farm</em> dan efisiensi pabrik gula yang rendah; (2) impor gula yang semakin meningkat; (3) harga gula domestik tidak stabil yang disebabkan oleh sistem distribusi yang kurang efisien dan (4) pemanfaatan kelembagaan penunjang agribisnis.  Dilihat dari berbagai aspek,seperti potensisumberdayayang dimiliki, arah kebijakan pembangunan nasional, potensi pasar domestik produk-produk agribisnis, Sulawesi Selatan memiliki prospek untuk mengembangkan sistem agribisnis gula.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwasistem agribisnis gula meliputi beberapa subsistem yang terdiri atas subsistem hulu, sub-sistem <em>on farm</em>, subsistem hilir, dan subsistem lembaga penunjang agribisnis yang masing-masing memiliki peran dan sebagai sebuah sistem yang tidak dapat dipisahkan satu sama lainnya, saling menyatu dan saling terkait. Secara integral terkait antara sektor perkebunan di <em>on farm</em> dan sektor industri di hulu dan hilir, kon-disi inilah yang akan menciptakan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang baik secara nasional.</p><p> </p><p>Institutions in the sugar agribusiness is efforts to increase the quality of life of farmers, which is achieved through technology investment, the development of labor productivity, the development of the economy, as well as arrangement of human and natural resources. The main problems associated with sugar agribusiness, namely: (1) productivity tends to decline due in part because the application of the technology on farm and factory efficiency of sugar mill is low, (2) increasing sugar imports, (3) the price of domestic sugar unstable due to the inefficient distribution system, and (4) the utilization of institutional support agribusiness. Viewed from various aspects, such as the potential resources, the direction of national development policies, domes-tic market potential for the products of agribusiness, South Sulawesi has the prospect to develop the sugar agribusiness system. The results showed that the sugar agribusiness system includes multiple subsystems consisting of upstream subsystems, on farm subsystems, and downstream subsystem. Those support agri-business institutions that each have a role and as a system, which can not be separated from each other, merge with each other and mutually related. Integrally, related to the plantation sector in the industrial sec-torona frame of upstream as well as downstream, would create the conditions foreconomic growth nationally.</p>

Maize (Zea mays) is a second main crop after rice. Manipulation of cultural practices of maize by regulation of plant population and establisment of ferlizer requirement could increase production and‘farmer income. So, to reach that, it needs innovation of technology, i.e. technology of plant population setting via legowo system and technology of fertilization. Innovation of technology can only be reached by assessment The objective of the assement was to produce inovation of technology on plant population setting via legowo system and technology fertilization on mayze. The activity will be conducted on farm field, colaboration with farmer, field extentionist, and technician. The reseach was designed based on factorial design in RBD consisting of 2 factors. The first factor was planting method with two treatments and the’ second factor was fertilization based on nutrient status of soil with five treatments of based PUTK (The Dry Soil Test Kit), in three replications. Interaction between legowo planting method (100-40) with population of 71 428 plant/ha x20 cm tan / ha with fertilization based PUTK 75% (75kg SP36 ha−1 + 75 kg KCl ha−1) with Urea fertilizer 400 kg / ha could increase productivity by 36.4% with a value of B / C 2.93 and MBCR 6.31. It showed that the technology was economically feasible to be recommended, adopted and used in Gowa district, South Sulawesi.

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