Analisis rasio keuangan terhadap Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) merupakan salah satu parameter dalam pengukuran kinerja pengelolaan keuangan daerah. Analisis kinerja keuangan menggunakan perhitungan rasio efektifitas, efisiensi, kemandirian keuangan daerah, aktifitas dan pertumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kinerja keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kota Mataram selama kurun waktu Tahun Anggaran 2012-2015. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif menggunakan metode analisis rasio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, rasio efektifitas dikategorikan efektif, rasio efisiensi dikategorikan tidak efisien, rasio kemandirian pengelolaan keuangan daerah masih rendah, rasio aktifitas kurang baik, rasio pertumbuhan pada komponen Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) kurang baik, sementara pada komponen rasio pendapatan daerah dikategorikan sedang, untuk pertumbuhan belanja dikategorikan kurang baik karena porsi belanja operasi lebih besar dari belanja modal. Diharapkan Pemerintah Daerah Kota Mataram dapat lebih meningkatkan PAD, serta melakukan skala prioritas alokasi belanja daerah.

Semiotics is simply defined as the sign-using to represent a mathematical concept in a problem-solving. Semiotic reasoning of constructing concept is a process of drawing a conclusion based on object, representamen (sign), and interpretant. This paper aims to describe the phases of semiotic reasoning of elementary students in constructing the properties of a rectangle. The participants of the present qualitative study are three elementary students classified into three levels of Adversity Quotient (AQ): quitter/AQ low, champer/AQ medium, and climber/AQ high. The results show three participants identify object by observing objects around them. In creating sign stage, they made the same sign that was a rectangular image. However, in three last stages, namely interpret sign, find out properties of sign, and discover properties of a rectangle, they made different ways. The quitter found two characteristics of rectangular objects then derived it to be a rectangle’s properties. The champer found four characteristics of the objects then it was derived to be two properties of a rectangle. By contrast, Climber found six characteristics of the sign and derived all of these to be four properties of a rectangle. In addition, Climber could determine the properties of a rectangle correctly.

This study aims to analyze how students of Mathematic Education study program in one of tertiary education providers in Salatiga Regency, Indonesia, creates open-ended problems via semi- structured problem posing. A qualitative descriptive method was employed to study a population of research subjects that had been selected through a stratified random sampling based on their academic ability level. As many as 30 students were categorized into Upper Level Academic ability (AA), Average Level Academic Skill (AS), and Lower Level Academic Skill (AB). Three students from each category: AA, AS, AB, were randomly selected as the research subjects. Their creative thinking skills were measured by the number of problems, strategies, and variations of open-ended problems and its solutions that had been created by students as representations of creative thinking aspects: fluency, flexibility, originality and elaboration. Results show that AB students had under developed creative thinking skills, while AS students began to develop their creative thinking skills, and AA students demonstrated their developed creative thinking skills.

<p class="apa">This research is reviewing students’ process of decision making intuitively, analytically, and interactively. The research done by using discount problem which specially created to explore student’s intuition, analytically, and interactively. In solving discount problems, researcher exploring student’s decision in determining their attitude which concern in the used of intuitively, analytically, and interactively. Result of this research showing that the student’s decision making in solving discount problem begin with their intuitively, then interactively and continued with analytically; afterward return to intuition, interaction and end up with analytical. Those three components (intuitively, interactively and analytically) repeated occur until obtaining result which is desire.</p>

This study aims to(1) determinethe items quality of odd semesterfinal examin social class XII mathematics subject academic year 2014/2015 in terms of validity, reliability, level of difficulty, and distinguishing power, (2) createa program shape for calculating validity, reliability, level of difficulty and distinguishing power. The researchused quantitative descriptive method and documentation technique. The datas consisted of 128 students' answer sheetsin social class XII academic year 2014/2015. The datas were analyzed by using several formulas of validity, reliability, level of difficulty, distinguishing powerand the use of IBM SPSS Statistics22 software and anates V4 software. The results showed that 22 questions (55%) were valid and 18 questions (45%) were invalid. The reliability of items was quite good where the reliability coefficient value 11 > rtabel was 0.558 based on three formulas which were Anova Hoyt, Cronbach alpha and IBM SPSS Statistics 22. The difficulty level of items was not good because the items balances including easy, medium and difficult were not proportional , the proportional balance was 3-5-2 or 3-4-3. The distinguishing power of items showed that 1 item (2.50%) was very good, 9 items (22.50%) were good, 10 items (25%) were moderate, 14 items (35%) were less good and 6 items (15%) were bad. In addition to the above results, this study also resulted a program shape to facilitate the calculation of item analysis. The program calculations are the validity index analysis, reliability, level of difficulty and distinguishing power of test instrument.