A novel strain, designated HY-50RT , isolated from soil of a Euphrates poplar (Populus euphratica) forest in Xinjiang, China, was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells of the isolate were Gram-reaction-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile, oxidase-negative and catalase-positive. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate was a member of the phylum Bacteroidetes, its closest relatives being Niastella populi THYL-44 T (93.6 % similarity), Flavisolibacter ginsengisoli Gsoil T was most closely related to members of the family Chitinophagaceae within the phylum Bacteroidetes. The strain was, therefore, subjected to further taxonomic investigation, the results of which suggest that strain HY-50RT represents a novel species of a novel genus in the family Chitinophagaceae.To isolate the strain, a soil sample was serially diluted with sterilized water and the dilutions were plated onto R2A agar (Difco) and incubated at 30 uC for 4 days. Growth of strain HY-50RT was also evaluated on nutrient agar (NA, Difco), tryptic soy agar (TSA, Difco), 0.16TSA and MacConkey agar (Difco) at 30 u C. As strain HY-50R T grew well on NA, R2A, TSA and 0.16TSA, it was routinely cultured on 0.16TSA at 30 u C.Colony morphology was observed visually and cell morphology and motility were observed using phase-contrastThe GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain HY-50R T is HM130561.One supplementary figure is available with the online version of this paper. microscopy (Olympus BX51) using two-day-old cultures grown on 0.16TSA at 30 u C. Gram-staining was performed using the modified Hucker method (Gerhardt et al., 1994). Oxidase activity was evaluated via the oxidation of 1 % p-aminodimethylaniline oxalate. Catalase activity was determined by measuring bubble production after the addition of 3 % (v/v) hydrogen peroxide solution. Tests for the hydrolysis of starch (1 %, w/v), cellulose (0.1 %, w/v), chitin from crab shells (1 %, w/v) and casein (5 %, w/v) were carried out as described by Smibert & Krieg (1994). Growth under anaerobic conditions was determined by incubation at 30 u C on 0.16TSA for 10 days in a GasPak (BBL) jar. Growth at 4, 10, 15, 30, 37 and 42 u C was tested on 0.16TSA. Growth at different pH levels was determined on 0.16TSA adjusted to pH 4-10 at intervals of 1 pH unit before sterilization (Xu et al., 2005). Tolerance of NaCl was determined on 0.16TSA supplemented with 1-5 % (w/v) NaCl at intervals of 1 %. The presence of flexirubin-type pigments was tested spectrophotometrically as described previously (Güde, 1980) using 20 % KOH. Enzyme activities and biochemical characteristics were determined by using API 20 NE, API 20 E, API ZYM and API ID 32 GN test kits (bioMérieux) according to the manufacturer's instructions.Menaquinones were extracted from lyophilized cells and identified using the method described by Xie & Yokota (2003) using HPLC (UltiMate 3000, Dionex). Polyamines were analysed as described previously (Schenke...

Two new lankacidin-related metabolites, 2,18-seco-lankacidinol A (1), 2,18-seco-lankacidinol B (2) and a known compound, lankacidinol (3), were isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp. HS-NF-1178. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques as well as ESI-MS and comparison with data from the literature. These two new compounds, especially compound 1, exhibited potent antitumor activity.

A novel strain, HY-22R T , was isolated from soil of a Euphrates poplar forest in Xinjiang, China. The cells were Gram-positive-staining, rod-shaped and motile by means of peritrichous flagella. Growth occurred at 10-37 6C (optimum 30 6C), at pH 7.0-8.0 (optimum pH 7.0) and with 0-1 % NaCl. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain HY-22RT was closely related to Cohnella phaseoli GSPC1 T (96.3 % sequence similarity). The major respiratory quinone was MK-7 and the predominant fatty acids were anteiso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 16 : 0 and C 16 : 0 . The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G+C content was 49.6 mol%. On the basis of the phylogenetic, physiological and chemotaxonomic data, strain HY-22R

The mangrove ecosystem is a rich resource for the discovery of actinomycetes with potential applications in pharmaceutical science. Besides the genus Streptomyces, Micromonospora is also a source of new bioactive agents. We screened Micromonospora from the rhizosphere soil of mangrove plants in Fujian province, China, and 51 strains were obtained. Among them, the extracts of 12 isolates inhibited the growth of human lung carcinoma A549 cells. Strain 110B exhibited better cytotoxic activity, and its bioactive constituents were investigated. Consequently, three new isoflavonoid glycosides, daidzein-4′-(2-deoxy-α-l-fucopyranoside) (1), daidzein-7-(2-deoxy-α-l-fucopyranoside) (2), and daidzein-4′,7-di-(2-deoxy-α-l-fucopyranoside) (3) were isolated from the fermentation broth of strain 110B. The structures of the new compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESIMS). The result of medium-changing experiments implicated that these new compounds were microbial biotransformation products of strain M. aurantiaca 110B. The three compounds displayed moderate cytotoxic activity to the human lung carcinoma cell line A549, hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line HepG2, and the human colon tumor cell line HCT116, whereas none of them showed antifungal or antibacterial activities.

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