Clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) is an important strategy to improve health status because many diseases can be prevented if people adopt healthy living behaviors. School children are an age group that is vulnerable to experiencing health problems because some of their time is spent outside the home environment and outside the supervision of their parents. When children are in the school environment, they can experience disease transmission from their peers, from the school environment or they may consume foods that do not meet health requirements. School children are also an easy age group to be given knowledge about PHBS to form healthy behavior. Demulih Elementary School 2 is located in a densely populated environment and there is no canteen that meets health requirements. Because of this, it is very appropriate to provide knowledge about PHBS through an interesting lecture method using images and video media followed by questions and answers. The implementation of the counseling went well, school children were very enthusiastic when listening to the presentation and were very active during discussions. School children seem to have understood the PHBS concept and already understand how to implement it.

Background: The role of both Euphorbia milii and Propolis is to increase the effectiveness in pathological condition of the body part damaged, include renal function in maintaining the homeostasis. That combination into mice which are infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis will change the total number of glomerulus in the kidney. Aim: The study aims to determine the effect of combination tea from Euphorbia milii and Propolis on the number of the glomerulus in mice infected by M. tb. Method: This study confirmed randomized post-test only control group design consisting of 24 mice divided into six groups (G1-G6). E. milli flowers are obtained from flower plantations, in Ketewel, Gianyar, Bali Province took in fresh and dark red sampling. M. tuberculosis used H37Rv strain (ATCC27294) grown on Middlebrook 7H9 liquid medium for two weeks. Result: It was found that Group 3 and Group 5 from the treatment group has the most significant average number of glomerulus which was 13, followed by Group 2 and Group 6 from the control group has the largest average number of glomerulus which was 12. The differences were not significant between groups with P = 0.463 (P <0.05). Conclusion: The Euphorbia milii tea and its combination with Propolis does not affect histological change on the total number of glomerulus in mice infected with M. tb.

Background: Aging and estrogen deficiency in menopause women increase susceptibility to liver diseases. In postmenopausal women, the change of ERα expressions and oxidative stress is related to liver diseases' pathogenesis. Phytoestrogens have been shown to protect and repair the liver organ due to estrogen deficiency. Purple Sweet Potatoes contain anthocyanins, a subgroup of flavonoids that have been shown to have antioxidant and phytoestrogen activity. This study aims to evaluate the phytoestrogen and antioxidant activities of purple sweet potato in a liver animal model of menopause through Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and ERα expressions.Method: A true experimental study by randomized post-test-only control group design was conducted among 28 female Wistar rats-aged 10-12 weeks with a bodyweight of 180-220 gram, which underwent bilateral ovariectomies. These animals were divided into 4 groups, with 7 rats in each group. On day 7, Group T0, as control was given aquadest, ethanol extract of purple sweet potato was assigned to Group T1, T2, and T3 with doses 1, 2, and 4 mL/day, respectively, during 30 days. The SOD and ERα mRNA expressions were evaluated by qRT-PCR with specific primers. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows.Results: The mRNA expressions of ERα were not significantly different among groups (p>0.05), while SOD expressions were significantly different among groups (p<0.05). The expression of SOD in Group T1 (504.39±231.4 pg/μL), T2 (2,147.92±417.1 pg/μL), and T3 (405.30±224.1 pg/μL) showed a significantly higher than Group T0 (15.34±15.27) (p<0.05)Conclusion: Oxidative stress could be prevented by purple sweet potato in the liver through the SOD mRNA expression but not ERα.

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Diabetes melitus adalah gangguan metabolik kronis yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia atau tingginya glukosa dalam darah karena gangguan dalam sekresi maupun respons terhadap hormon insulin. Menurut data dari International Diabetes Federation, prevalensi diabetes melitus di seluruh dunia sudah sangat tinggi, yaitu 537 juta pada tahun 2021. Akan tetapi, sudah ada berbagai obat alternatif alami yang dapat digunakan untuk menangani penyakit tersebut. Dalam beberapa penelitian, banyak tanaman yang sudah teruji khasiatnya sebagai obat antidiabetes alami karena kandungan fitokimianya. Studi literature review ini dilakukan dengan pencarian data melalui Google Scholar dan Science Direct dalam kurun  waktu 10 tahun terakhir (2013-2022). Dari 29 artikel yang sesuai diperoleh hasil bahwa beberapa kandungan fitokimia pada tumbuhan seperti alkaloid dengan kemampuannya memperbaiki sel beta pankreas, flavonoid sebagai astringen, saponin dengan kemampuannya menstimulasi sekresi insulin dari sel beta pankreas, dan tanin sebagai antioksidan alami berpotensi menurunkan glukosa darah pada diabetes melitus tipe 1 dan 2.