Preliminary noteEarlier researches have established that the measurement of pavement longitudinal roughness expressed through International Roughness Index (IRI) is one of the most important indicators for overall evaluation of road network condition. At the same time IRI presents the key trigger for planning and applying the different road maintenance works like pavement rehabilitation or reconstruction. This paper examines the existing methods for measurement of pavement roughness and evaluation of the road network condition in the Republic of Serbia in total length of 13 191,34 km. Keywords: condition, pavement, road network, roughnessMjerenje hrapavosti kolnika kao indikator stanja cestovne mreže -studija slučaja Srbija Prethodno priopćenje Prethodna istraživanja su utvrdila da je mjerenje uzdužne hrapavosti kolnika izraženo kroz međunarodni indeks hrapavosti (International Roughness Index -IRI) jedan od najvažnijih pokazatelja za ukupnu ocjenu stanja cestovne mreže. U isto vrijeme IRI predstavlja ključni okidač za planiranje i primjenu različitih radova održavanja cesta kao što su sanacije ili rekonstrukcije kolnika. U radu se razmatraju postojeće metode za mjerenje hrapavosti kolnika i ocjenu stanja cestovne mreže u Republici Srbiji u ukupnoj dužini od 13 191,34 km.

The complete street represents form of spatial planning and management, for the purpose to provide safe and comfortable access to all traffic participants. In this way, it represents significant change compared to traditional approach to planning, designing and building of traffic infrastructure in cities. The paper presents basic concepts of forming complete streets and application at one of the most significant streets in Belgrade.

Likvefakcija se pojavljuje kao jedan od sporednih efekata jakih zemljotresa. Može se definisati kao fenomen transformacije stabilnog i čvrstog tla u stanje guste tečnosti. Likvefakcija se može desiti pod uticajem zemljotresa ili drugog dinamičkog opterećenja u slučaju visokog nivoa zasićenosti tla. Glavni faktori koji utiču na likvefakcioni potencijal tla su nizak indeks zbijenosti i visok stepen zasićenja vodom. Opasnost leži u fatalnom preturanju objekata što izaziva dalja oštećenja i diferencijalnom slijeganju konstrukcija koja nastaju usljed naglog gubitka čvrstoće. U radu je prikazana analiza potencijala za pojavu likvefakcije i predstavljene različite mjere zaštite protiv likvefakcije.

External costs of transport represent the impact on society expressed in monetary units, as a result of transport activities, but not directly accounted for from activities managed by a road agency and/or by users of transport services. Road users require expensive infrastructure, and have various external costs, both in transport (congestion and accidents) and towards the rest of population (accidents, pollution, noise, environmental degradation). Analysis of the external costs of transport is usually, in the area of environmental economics, used to determine and analyze the benefits that are accomplished by investments in the protection and improvement of the environment in the transport area. Externalities are assessed so that they can be, to some extent, connected with assets invested in roads. This paper presents general overview of external costs of transport with particular emphasis on methods for their estimation, necessary inputs and outputs useful for costs internalization.

Since the need for movement/transport has conditioned the development of transport networks, the management of the transport infrastructure largely depends on the guidelines or the policies for the development and management of transport. However, although there were concerns about the impact on the environment in the past five decades, it was only in the early 21st century that the effects of transport on the environment were adequately evaluated through the formulation of transport policies. It is important that a global consensus has been reached on the fact that the impacts of transport infrastructure and transport on the environment are essential. Still, it is far more important for the policies of protecting and improving the environment not to conflict with economic competitiveness so that properly formulated regulation could lead to discoveries and improvements, which would result in a win-win situation for both the public and the manufacturers and the improvement of the credibility of competent institutions and organisations in particular. Through a chronological summary of the transformation, this paper moves from the basic environmental protection toward sustainable development in global and European frameworks, and it emphasises the essential aspects that must be addressed in defining a political and strategic framework for the management of transport infrastructure and transport in underdeveloped and developing countries to meet the requirements for sustainable development.