Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian hormon 2,4-D dan benzyl amino purin (BAP) terhadap pertumbuhan kalus jeruk kasturi (Citrus microcarpa). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) faktorial. Parameter yang diamati adalah persentase tumbuh eksplan, waktu muncul, lebar, dan tekstur kalus. Hasil penelitian persentase tumbuh eksplan dan lebar kalus dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan uji lanjut DMRT pada taraf 5%, sedangkan waktu muncul kalus dan tekstur kalus dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi hormon D4B1 dan D4B2 menghasilkan waktu muncul kalus tercepat, yaitu 3,3 HSK. Persentase pembentukan kalus tertinggi, yaitu 100% terdapat pada perlakuan D2B0, D2B0.5-D4B0. Rerata lebar kalus tertinggi terjadi pada perlakuan D4B2 dengan lebar kalus 0,97 cm. Kalus embriogenik dihasilkan pada perlakuan D2B1, D2B2, dan D3B0. Perlakuan Kombinasi hormon 2,4-D dan BAP yang terbaik adalah pada perlakuan D2B2 (2 mg/l 2,4-D, dan 2 mg/l BAP) untuk menghasilkan kalus embriogenik sehingga dapat digunakan untuk kultur suspense sel.

The study aims to analyze the effect of the fish diversity book in Kampar District on the learning motivation and obstacles of Kampar High School students through online learning during the COVID-19 period. This type of research is a quasi-experimental study with research subjects in class XI SMA Kampar (Kampar High School). In its implementation, students were given a motivational questionnaire in the beginning, after that they were given the task of studying the types of fish in Kampar through the book files of fish diversity in Kampar District through online learning. After online learning, the post-test was given using a questionnaire evaluation of the motivation and online learning obstacles questionnaire. Parameters: learning motivation with five indicators, ten indicators of online obstacles. Motivation data collection using pre-test and post-test. Data is presented and analyzed descriptively. The results obtained an average score of post-test student learning motivation (77.7) increased compared to before studying diversity book (65.9) with an N-gain index of 0.34, 74% of respondents said online learning was more effective, 50% of respondents stated the ordinary school is better than online learning. The implementation of fish species diversity books through online learning is effective in increasing student learning motivation, but it is less effective in motivating desires, appreciation, and not being attractive enough. The obstacles of online learning at Kampar High School include internet network facilities and field practicum during the COVID-19 period. 

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran IPA berbasiskan integrasi inkuiri terbimbing dengan Numbered Heads Together (NHT) terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian quasi eksperimen, dengan design penelitian non equivalen control grup design. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan September-Desember tahun pelajaran 2018 dengan sampel kelas eksperimen berjumlah 40 siswa dan kelas kontrol berjumlah 40 siswa pada kelas VIII SMP N 21 Pekanbaru. Instrumen penelitian berupa angket motivasi belajar. Motivasi belajar dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas: hasrat, dorongan, harapan, penghargaan dan menarik. Hasil penelitian ini ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada nilai rata-rata post test motivasi belajar peserta didik antara kelas eksperimen sebesar 3.26 dibandingkan kelas kontrol sebesar 3.12 setelah dilaksanakan intervensi (P<0,05). Hal ini jelas bahwa penggunaan  integrasi inkuiri terbimbing dengan NHT dalam proses pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah memberikan salah satu alternative proses pembelajaran yang kreatif dan inovatif dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik.

Process of science learning stresses on giving students direct experience to develop their competence. Therefore, teachers are required to be creative and innovative to improve students’ critical thinking. Accordingly, there is a need for a research on “The science learning based on guided inquiry integration with Numbered Heads Together (NHT) toward critical thinking skill”. This research aim to figure out of influence of the science learning based on guided inquiry integration with NHT. This research is a quasi-experimental study, with design "non-equivalent group control design". This research was conducted at September-December 2018 with samples of the experimental class (n = 40) and the control class (n = 40) at class VIII SMP N 21 Pekanbaru. The research instrument consisted of questions to test students' critical thinking skills. This shows the research instrument at a good and quality stage. The results of this study note that there are significant differences in the average value of the Post test students' critical thinking skills between the experimental class amounted to 75.00 with the control class 67.00 after the intervention (P <0.05). So that the use of Integration of guided inquiry with NHT in the learning process can improve students' critical thinking skills.