<span>Indonesia merupakan sebuah negara yang memiliki kemajemukan masyarakat, baik agama, ras, suku dan budaya. Kemajemukan tersebut seringkali berpotensi pada munculnya berbagai konflik seiring dengan semakin dinamisnya masyarakat yang mengelompokkan diri dalam berbagai organisasi sosial keagamaan serta lahirnya berbagai aliran keagamaan. Fanatisme yang berlebihan seingkali menumbuhsuburkan semangat ego sektoral yang  dapat menjadi ancaman disintegrasi bangsa.  Munculnya berbagai fenomena konflik di Indonesia dengan mengatasnamakan agama merupakan salah satu indikator bahwa Bangsa Indonesia masih belum sepenuhnya memahami  kondisi internal bangsanya sendiri yang berlatar belakang multikultural. Perpedaan di dalam masyarakat yang multikultur ini seharusnya menjadi dasar untuk mempertahankan identitas masing-masing dengan  tetap menjaga integrasi bangsa, bukan untuk menjadi pemicu lahirnya konflik-konflik antar kelompok yang apabila diteliti lebih dalam, motif yang sebenarnya tidak sepenuhnya karena faktor agama, tetapi faktor sosial budaya, politik dan bahkan motif ekonomi.  Melalui pendidikan </span><span lang="IN">Islam </span><span>multikultural, tulisan ini memberikan alternatif resolusi konflik  agama di Indonesia </span><span lang="IN">berdasarkan nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam ajaran Islam tentang bagaimana </span><span>pentingnya menghargai keberagaman setiap struktur masyarakat yang multikultural. Pendidikan </span><span lang="IN">Islam </span><span>multikultural dapat dijadikan sebagai pendekatan baru yang dapat merubah cara berfikir dan cara pandang masyarakat serta keterampilan bersikap dan berperilaku dalam kehidupan yang majemuk. Dalam konteks ini, pendidikan</span><span lang="IN"> Islam</span><span> multikultural memberikan penanaman tentang spirit kehidupan beragama yang dilandasi dengan nilai-nilai perdamaian, toleransi, menghargai perbedaan dan sikap-sikap lain yang menjunjung tinggi nilai kemanusiaan dan semangat persatuan Kebangsaan Indonesia.</span>

Gender equality-based education is education that accommodate gender differences. This study aims to reveal the gender sensitivity in social and educational as well as identify government policies in building gender equality and its applications in formal education. This study is qualitative with an inventory of government policies in building gender equality, and then analyze it with the reality of education in Indonesia. The approach used in this study is referring to the normative approach to the study of government policies in enforcing gender equality and its applications in formal education. The research data was collected using the techniques of literary study (library research). Materials that have been acquired and processed is described and analyzed by using descriptive interpretative paradigm and gender analysis. Although many efforts have been taken by the government for the realization of gender equality, but in the education sector still show gender inequality. The indication can be seen from three aspects, they are not unequal participation in education for women, unequal educational material as well as the selection of majors unequal proportions of men and women. The phenomenon is not yet reflect the totality of gender equality education.Keywords: pendidikan, kesetaraan gender, kebijakan pemerintah A. PendahuluanPendidikan merupakan hak setiap orang, dan penyelenggaraan pendidikan menjadi kewajiban bagi mereka yang menguasai sumber daya, orang tua terhadap anak, orang kaya untuk orang miskin dan yang paling bertanggung jawab adalah negara terhadap seluruh rakyatnya. 1

Mitoni is a Javanese tradition that performs special rituals. This tradition highlights a philosophical meaning for Javanese women, particularly educational values for a baby in the womb. Concerning its development, these values have shifted from its original meaning promoted by both native Javanese women and Javanese santri (students in Islamic boarding schools) women. This present study aims to explore educational values for the baby during Mitoni. A descriptive study of continuity was employed in this research. The findings reveal three characteristics of Javanese women’s perspectives on this tradition based on their subjects, namely: 1) formalistic-traditionalist Islamic view, 2) semi-formalistic-traditionalist Islamic view, and 3) pure Islamic view. Meanwhile, Mitoni, the Javanese tradition, proposes several educational values for the baby according to the Javanese santri women in Pati, Central Java. First, Mitoni provides the baby with the recognition basis of tauheed (oneness of Allah). Second, it enhances parents or prospective parents’ spirit when they educate the baby during pregnancy. Third, this tradition emerges as their effort to give good nutrition for the baby, especially in the seventh month-period of pregnancy. Lastly, Mitoni also demonstrates meaningful understanding for current young generations to preserve this cultural Javanese tradition so as to exist in the future

This article analyzes the importance of the use of popular culture as a method in the study of Islam within the cosmopolitan muslimah lifestyle phenomenon, particullary in the contes of Putri Muslimah Indonesia (Miss Muslimah Indonesia). The use of popular culture method to understand the real intension of hijab observerance;wether for the purpose observing sharia or just follow the present trend, or religious capitalisation. The Observerance of sharia commonly interpreted by wearing of the so-called sharia clothing. Because wearing sharia clothing (hijab syar'i) as the symbol of religious piety and secondly, emphasizing that sharia in this case always adaptive in any circumstances as long as it doesn't violate the basic teaching of sharia, as the present demand of muslimah lifestyle is expressed in various way, one of them is the trend of hijab syar'i. Third, the utilization of religious symbol to generate economic profit. Various events such as the contes of Putri Muslimah Indonesia (Miss Muslimah Indonesia) as important booster for muslim fashion industries to gain huge profits by targeting large market of stylist cosmopolitan muslimah. Thus, the element of religious capitalization is much more visible than spreading the true spirit of Islamic teaching. AbstrakArtikel ini menganalisa pentingnya penggunaan budaya populer sebagai metode dalam studi Islam dalam fenomena gaya hidup muslim kosmopolitan, khususnya dalam konteks Putri Muslimah Indonesia (Miss Muslimah Indonesia). Penggunaan metode budaya populer untuk memahami kehebatan nyata dari pengamatan jilbab, baik untuk tujuan mengamati syariah atau hanya mengikuti tren saat ini, atau kapitalisasi agama. The Observerance of syariah biasanya diartikan dengan mengenakan apa yang disebut pakaian syariah. Karena mengenakan pakaian syariah (jilbab syar'i) sebagai simbol kesalehan religius dan kedua, menekankan bahwa syariah dalam hal ini selalu adaptif dalam keadaan apa pun asalkan tidak melanggar ajaran dasar syariah, seperti tuntutan muslimah saat ini. Gaya hidup diungkapkan dengan berbagai cara, salah satunya adalah tren jilbab syar'i. Ketiga, pemanfaatan simbol agama untuk menghasilkan keuntungan ekonomi. Berbagai acara seperti kontes Putri Muslimah Indonesia (Miss Muslimah Indonesia) sebagai pendorong penting bagi industri mode muslim untuk mendapatkan keuntungan besar dengan menargetkan pasar besar muslimah kosmopolitan 98 | Inayatul Ulya, MSI PALITA: Journal of Social-Religion Research stylist. Dengan demikian, unsur kapitalisasi agama jauh lebih terlihat daripada menyebarkan semangat sejati ajaran Islam. Kata Kunci,: Muslimah Cosmopolitan Lifestyle, Syariat, Tren Sekarang, Kapitalisasi Agama.

<p><em>One of the problems faced by countries emerging is the number of people living in poverty. Therefore, poverty reduction a priority in the implementation of economic development. For Indonesia, the reduction of poverty is one measure of the success of development. Considering the number of the world's population in poverty, it is natural for poverty become an international problem. It proved , the PBB has set Millennium Development Goals ( MDGs ), where one of the goal is to reduce poverty . as a high-level conference participants millenium of PBB, Indonesia seriously to reduce the number of poor people to reach 50 % by 2015. Poverty is a complex issue, so that countermeasures need approaches from various aspects, whether economic, political and socio-cultural. One of the solutions is through educational activities entrepreneurship in order to change the mental attitude of dependence and to develop a work ethic, which is expected to foster self-reliance. Through the implementation of entrepreneurship education is expected to raise the awareness that to eliminate poverty must be taken through the productive work carried out by their own. Then, Prodi PGMI of Institut Pesantren Mathali’ul Falah intends to develop entrepreneurship in the curriculum design and learning experiences so that graduates can survive in his life later</em></p>