In many parts of the world, the major cereal crops (maize, wheat, barley, rye and oats) are particularly susceptible to infection by Fusarium species. Moniliformin (МОN) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species, most often F. proliferatum, F. avenaceum and F. subglutinans. The occurrence of MON has been recorded worldwide, with the highest detected value of 530 mg/kg in maize intended for human consumption. Limited information on toxicity in experimental and farm animals indicates haematotoxicity and cardiotoxicity as the main damaging effects of MON on human health. Its stability and fate during processing has also been poorly studied, so the degree of consumer's exposure to MON is still uncertain. This review summarizes available information on the MON chemistry, toxicity, its worldwide occurrence in cereals, methods of analysis and the potential methods for its decontamination in food and feed.

This study aimed to test different chemical agents to obtain microbiologically safe industrial hemp seeds that could be used for further food processing (with the reduced total number of microorganisms, total number of moulds and yeasts, and total number of Enterobacteriaceae). In order to obtain seeds applicable for food consumption, optimal storage temperature conditions (room temperature, refrigerator, freezer), method of seed packaging (vacuum/without vacuum), and the application of various chemical treatments (ethanol, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium hypochlorite) were tested on the certified industrial hemp seeds, produced in two consecutive years. Optimal storage conditions differed for different microorganisms, and the most optimal storage was at room temperature, for seeds produced in 2018, in the treatment to reduce the total number of Enterobacteriaceae and the total number of microorganisms. When storing seeds from 2018 in order to reduce the number of yeasts and moulds, a slightly lower number was spotted when seeds were stored in a vacuum-sealed bag, at the refrigerator/freezer temperature. For hemp seeds produced in 2019, the most optimal storage conditions were at the refrigerator (for reduction of the total number of Enterobacteriaceae) and freezer temperature (for reduction of the total number of microorganisms). For the reduction of the total number of moulds and yeasts, optimal conditions were at room temperature. Ethanol (75%, v/v) was the most effective disinfectant among the tested chemicals regardless of the initial number of microorganisms, with log reduction of 3.2 (for the total number of Enterobacteriaceae), 2.9 log (for the total number of microorganisms), and total reduction of the total number of yeasts and moulds after 10 minutes, for the seeds harvested in 2019, which were far more contaminated than the seeds harvested in 2018. Considering the price of the disinfection method with ethanol, sodium hypochlorite may be a better solution for the reduction of the number of microbiota on the seeds.

U Kurikulumu nastavnog predmeta Hrvatski jezik (2019) učenik se smatra proaktivnim subjektom, a učitelj postaje mentorom i moderatorom. Zbog opsežnosti i zahtjevnosti predmeta Hrvatski jezik, učitelji gramatičko- pravopisne sadržaje moraju približiti učenicima kako bi pospješili i olakšali im učenje te promijenili percepciju nastavnoga predmeta iz negativne u pozitivnu. Zbog niske razine komunikacijske i lingvističke kompetencije danas govorimo o funkcionalno nepismenim generacijama. Zato je sadržaj predmeta potrebno prilagoditi razvojnoj dobi i interesima učenika. Uporaba jezične igre u okviru komunikacijsko- funkcionalnoga pristupa pokazala se vrlo svrhovitom u ranojezičnome diskursu (Pavličević-Franić, 2005). Stoga je cilj ovoga rada bio ispitati koriste li učitelji igru kao metodu u nastavi Hrvatskoga jezika, u kojim područjima i sadržajima te postoji li statistički značajna razlika u primjeni načela igrifikacije s obzirom na godine radnoga staža. Potvrđuje se da učitelji znaju važnost lingvodidaktičke igre, ali je u praksi rabe samo ponekad.

Nakon nešto više od veka, porodica i zajednica ponovno su pozvane da preuzmu ključnu ulogu u pružanju nege i brizi o hronično duševno obolelim licima. Osnovna organizaciona jedinica koncepta "zaštite mentalnog zdravlja u zajednici" je Centar za mentalno zdravlje, ali sam koncept podrazumeva i razvoj, koordinaciju i kontinuiranu saradnju sa drugim ustanovama koje pružaju usluge primaocima nege ili su u mogućnosti da ih pruže. Glavni ciljevi pri činjenju naših prvih koraka u procesu deinstitucionalizacije i poboljšanja i unapređenja brige o mentalnom zdravlju u našem regionu jesu podizanje svesti u celom društvu (i na nivou porodice) o mentalno obolelim osobama, podsticanje i štićenje poštovanja njihovih prava i dostojanstva, borba protiv stereotipa, predrasuda i štetnih praksi vezanih za te ljude u svim sferama života, a radi podizanja nivoa i promovisanja svesti o sposobnostima i potencijalima mentalno oštećenih lica; i poslednje, ali ne manje bitno, da se po-