Chrysomela scripta Fabricius adults showed a feeding preference for the youngest, most succulent leaves of tissue-cultured Populus × euramericana. Larvae fed equally on all leaves with water contents greater than 73%. Larvae chose shoot bark for feeding after all leaves with water contents greater that 70% had been consumed. Larvae reared on immature foliage had shorter developmental times and higher prepupal weights than those reared on mature foliage.

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In this study, we investigate the effect of the spanwise width on the mixing layer behind a rearward-facing step. Results for aspect ratios (tunnel width/step height) of I0 and 4 and Reynolds numbers of 11,000 and 5,000 are presented. A frequency shifted, single component LDV system was used to obtain mean streamwise velocity profiles, turbulence intensity profiles, and normal velocity spectra at four streamwise and three spanwise positions for each test case. The mean velocity and turbulence intensity profiles are constant across the width of the test section for either of the Reynolds numbers considered, but there are significant differences among the cases studied. At a distance greater than three step heights downstream of the step, the peak turbulence intensity is greater for higher aspect ratio and is relatively insensitive to Reynolds number. The peak frequency is lower and the spectrum is narrower for a higher aspect ratio in the region near the step.

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