This study reports the development of a new spatial multi-criteria decision analysis (SMCDA) software tool for selecting suitable sites for Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) systems. The new SMCDA software tool functions based on the combination of existing multi-criteria evaluation methods with modern decision analysis techniques. More specifically, non-compensatory screening, criteria standardization and weighting, and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) have been combined with Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) and Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA). This SMCDA tool may be implemented with a wide range of decision maker's preferences. The tool's user-friendly interface helps guide the decision maker through the sequential steps for site selection, those steps namely being constraint mapping, criteria hierarchy, criteria standardization and weighting, and criteria overlay. The tool offers some predetermined default criteria and standard methods to increase the trade-off between ease-of-use and efficiency. Integrated into ArcGIS, the tool has the advantage of using GIS tools for spatial analysis, and herein data may be processed and displayed. The tool is non-site specific, adaptive, and comprehensive, and may be applied to any type of site-selection problem. For demonstrating the robustness of the new tool, a case study was planned and executed at Algarve Region, Portugal. The efficiency of the SMCDA tool in the decision making process for selecting suitable sites for MAR was also demonstrated. Specific aspects of the tool such as built-in default criteria, explicit decision steps, and flexibility in choosing different options were key features, which benefited the study. The new SMCDA tool can be augmented by groundwater flow and transport modeling so as to achieve a more comprehensive approach to the selection process for the best locations of the MAR infiltration basins, as well as the locations of recovery wells and areas of groundwater protection. The new spatial multicriteria analysis tool has already been implemented within the GIS based Gabardine decision support system as an innovative MAR planning tool.

No abstract

No abstract

Garantir o atendimento à saúde é uma prerrogativa de todos os cidadãos. Como forma de cumprimento desse direito foi criada pelo Ministério da Saúde, a Política Nacional de Saúde LGBTQIA+, vindo a tornar-se um grande diferencial desta população. Objetivou-se descrever as dificuldades de acesso da população LGBTQIA+ aos serviços públicos de saúde. O presente estudo tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura dos anos de 2016 a 2020, desenvolvida através de busca em acervos disponíveis online, nas bases de dados LILACS, BDENF, SciELO e MEDLINE, entre os meses de fevereiro a outubro de 2020. Os principais fatores que dificultam o acesso da população LGBTQIA+ aos serviços de saúde. A ausência de integralidade e humanização no atendimento, discriminação e preconceito, não aceitação do profissional à opção de gênero do paciente e práticas de violência psicológica, verbal e emocional. Cabe ao Estado e às instituições de saúde realizar treinamento, bem como abordar a temática na graduação, para que sejam reduzidas as incidências discriminatórias e preconceituosas contra a população LGBTQ+, além de proporcionar-lhes maior acessibilidade à sua saúde.

No abstract