GJONE, R. and J. SETEKLEIV. Excitatory and inhibitory bladder responses to stimulation of the cerebral cortex in the cat. Acta physiol. scand. 1963. 59. 337-348. -A continuous intravesical pressure recording was established in 22 anesthetized cats by operative canalization of the

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Behavioural arousal and fear may be induced by electrical stimulation of the cingulate and the temporo-occipital cortex and the amygdala in the cat. The influence of these regions on the plasma level of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS) has been studied. To eliminate the possibility that any increase observed was not secondary to arousal or fear caused by environmental factors or the blood sampling, the experiments were carried out under anaesthesia. Increase of the plasma level of the 17-OHCS was produced by stimulation of twenty-five points in the following three regions: (a) the anterior cingulate cortex; (b) the lower portion of the posterior ecto-and suprasylvian gyri of the temporo-occipital cortex, and (c) the amygdala. The increase amounted up to 560% of the control values. The response was obtained during light anaesthesia only. Stimulation of thirty-seven points in other cortical regions and in the internal capsule caused no significant change in the plasma steroid level.

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In order to evaluate the anticholinergic effect of fentanyl and pethidine, the influence of these drugs on the cumulative dose-response curves of carbacholine on the guinea-pig ileum has been investigated. Fentanyl and pethidine displaced the dose-response curve for carbacholine to the right in a parallel fashion, indicating competitive antagonism. Dissociation constants determined by an agonist EC versus antagonist plot were 0.22 mumol/l for fentanyl and 1.4 mumol/l for pethidine. It is concluded that during high-dose fentanyl anaesthesia, fentanyl may bind to muscarinic receptors and thereby produce a central anticholinergic syndrome. An additional finding was that the maximal response to carbacholine increased significantly when combined with pethidine.