Introduction. The objective of the presented research is to characterize hope in the situational dimension, i.e., health, in the patients with cancer in the terminal phase of the disease, being treated in hospices and palliative care centers. Hope is very important for all the patients, especially for patients with cancer in various phases of the disease. Giving up on oncologic therapy and causal treatment is often associated with a transition into palliative care. When death and a loss of values become a threat, the individual has got hope to rely on. Material and Methods. The study relies on the Test to Measure Hope in the Health Context (NCN-36) by B.L. Block. 246 patients in the terminal phase of cancer participated in the study. Results. The internal structure of hope of recovery in the patients’ group was varied. The patients showed low levels of hope of recovery since they do not believe in the effectiveness of treatment. They were also not convinced of the effectiveness of modifications in dieting, lifestyle, or the use of nonconventional medicine. They trusted the doctor in charge and were moderately satisfied with the therapy in use. The intensity of hope of recovery was on the low level in the patients in the terminal phase of cancer. Age, sex, place of living, and marital status had a significant influence on the level of hope of recovery. Variables such as living on one’s own or living with one’s family, socioeconomic status, education, or profession did not affect the level of hope of recovery. Conclusions. The presented results allowed as to conclude that the assessment of hope in terminally ill cancer patients can be considered as one of the important tools enabling the personalization and the improvement of palliative care.
Z uwagi na złożoną etiologię zaburzeń depresyjnych, uwzględniającą w ich powstawaniu i przebiegu interakcję czynników biologicznych i psychospołecznych, istotne jest kompleksowe oraz zintegrowane podejście do tego problemu zdrowotnego, uwzględniające poza tradycyjnymi metodami leczenia również dodatkowe formy oddziaływań, które mogą być pomocne w terapii. Jedną z nich jest zwiększenie aktywności fizycznej. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie znaczenia aktywności fizycznej w zapobieganiu i leczeniu zaburzeń depresyjnych w oparciu o wyniki badań przeprowadzonych w latach 2014 - 2019. Przeprowadzony przegląd badań wskazuje, iż dostosowana do potrzeb i stanu zdrowia aktywność fizyczna może pełnić rolę w zapobieganiu i uzupełniającą w terapii zaburzeń depresyjnych, w tym również tych, które występują w przebiegu schorzeń somatycznych. Rekomendując trening fizyczny w tej grupie osób, należy jednak mieć na uwadze, iż pochopne motywowanie pacjentów z ciężką postacią zaburzenia do tego typu aktywności, może uaktywniać ich poczucie winy z powodu trudności w sprostaniu wyzwaniu, prowokujące myśli i zachowania samobójcze.
Introduction. The Scale for Evaluating Attitudes towards Seniors (SEAS) was developed based on the concept of social attitudes towards the elderly by G. Miałkowska. The main objective of the study was validation of Scale. Materials and method. The validation procedure was carried out on a sample of 304 adults. Content validity was estimated based on the CVR coefficient, the theoretical validity was verified by means of exploratory factor analysis with simple Oblimin rotation and Kaiser normalization, and criterion validity determined based on analysis of the correlation matrix of SEAS from IVE and SES. Reliability of the tool was estimated based on the values of alpha Cronbach and the discriminatory power of test items coefficients. Results. Content validity rates CVR range from 0.83-1.00. Three SEAS factors were distinguished on the basis of factor analysis -Respect and Support, Rejection and Misunderstanding, Social distance. Their alpha Cronbach's coefficient range is 0.93-0.86. Extracted SEAS scales correlate with IVE and SES dimensions. Conclusions. The validation procedure confirms the high psychometric properties of the constructed research tool and allows its use in both individual diagnosis and scientific research, which in turn will contribute to broadening of knowledge about the psychological mechanisms associated with seniors' perception, and can be used to design responses to preventive actions supporting quality of intergenerational interpersonal interactions.
correlates of the tendency to seek help in the situation of indebtedness in healthy people and in patients with impaired mobility, related to chronic disorders of the locomotor system-Pilot study.
Problem wypalenia zawodowego, stanowiący przedmiot licznych badań pedagogiki, psychologii i psychologii społecznej, dotyka znaczną część naszego społeczeństwa. Problematyka ta domaga się postawienia pytania o przyczyny tego stanu rzeczy, a zarazem o szukanie skutecznych, innowacyjnych sposobów zniwelowania jego patogennych dla życia indywidualnego i społecznego skutków. Przyczyn zjawiska wypalenia można upatrywać zarówno po stronie jednostki, jak i po stronie otoczenia. Najczęściej wymienia się tu: specyfikę własnych oczekiwań, doświadczenie kryzysu wartości, cechy osobowości, staż pracy, sytuację domową i ekonomiczną oraz inne. Istotne znaczenie dla niwelowania symptomów wypalenia ma poczucie optymizmu i poczucie humoru, poczucie własnej wartości i samoocena należące do cennych zasobów osobowych jednostki i strategii zaradczych w sytuacjach stresu zawodowego. The problem of occupational burnout, which is the subject of numerous studies in pedagogy, psychology and social psychology, affects a large part of our society. This issue calls for a question about the reasons for this state of affairs and, at the same time, for seeking effective and innovative ways to overcome its pathogenic effects on individual and social life. The reasons for the burnout phenomenon can be seen both on the side of the unit and on the side of the environment. The most frequent reasons are: specificity of own expectations, experience of the crisis of values, personality traits, seniority, domestic and economic situation, and others. The sense of optimism and sense of humor, self-esteem and self-esteem belonging to the valuable personal resources of the individual and remedial strategies in situations of occupational stress are important to minimizing symptoms of burnout.
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