Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major public health issue that is frequently underestimated. The primary objective of this multinational survey was to identify patients at risk for VTE, and to define the rate of patients receiving appropriate prophylaxis in the Middle Eastern region. Standardized case report forms were filled by trained individuals on one predefined day in selected hospitals. Data were then entered and analyzed by independent biostatisticians. Risk was categorized according to American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) guidelines, 2004. Logistic regressions were carried out to assess factors that determined VTE prophylaxis. 845 (37%) medical and 1421 (63%) surgical patients were eligible for the study. Patients were at low (4.2%), moderate (51.7%), high (9%) and very high risk (35.2%) for VTE. Any VTE prevention was given in 17.9, 41.7, 60.6 and 66.9% of respective risk categories, while ACCP guidelines were applied in 86.3, 41.1, 48.3 and 24.5% of these categories. Surgical patient type, immobility on admission, and contraceptive use were the most important drivers of VTE prophylaxis in those who were eligible to it (OR ≥ 2). Surgical patient type, immobility during hospitalization, existence of a VTE protocol and chronic heart failure were the most important drivers for VTE prophylaxis application in patients who were not eligible for it (OR ≥ 3). A concordance κ value of 0.16 was found between eligibility for VTE prophylaxis on one hand and its application in practice (P < 0.001). Risk factors for VTE and eligibility for VTE prophylaxis are common, but VTE prophylaxis and guidelines application are low.

Natural products frequently exert pharmacological activities. The present review gives an overview of the ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacology of the Cedrus genus, e.g. cytotoxic, spasmolytic immunomodulatory, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Cancer patients frequently seek remedies from traditional medicinal plants that are believed to exert less side effects than conventional therapy with synthetic drugs. A long-lasting goal of anti-cancer and anti-microbial therapy research is to find compounds with reduced side effects compared to currently approved drugs. In this respect, Cedrus species might be of interest. The essential oil isolated from Cedrus libani leaves may bear potential for drug development due to its high concentrations of germacrene D and β-caryophyllene. The essential oils from Cedrus species also show bioactivity against bacteria and viruses. More preclinical analyses (e.g. in vivo experiments) as well as clinical trials are required to evaluate the potential of essential oils from Cedrus species for drug development.

In this pilot study, it was found that in addition to smoking, outdoor and indoor pollution factors were potential risk factors of lung cancer. Additional studies would be necessary to confirm these findings.

Keywords► pregnancy ► prophylaxis ► puerperium ► risk assessment and management ► venous thromboembolism AbstractThe clinical burden of obstetric venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk is inadequately established. This study assessed the prevalence and management of VTE risk during pregnancy and postpartum outside the Western world. This international, noninterventional study enrolled adult women with objectively confirmed pregnancy attending prenatal care/obstetric centers across 18 countries in Africa, Eurasia, Middle-East, and South Asia. Evaluations included proportions of at-risk women, prophylaxis as per international guidelines, prophylaxis type, factors determining prophylaxis, and physicians' awareness about VTE risk management guidelines and its impact on treatment decision. Data were analyzed globally and regionally. Physicians (N ¼ 181) screened 4,978 women, and 4,010 were eligible. Of these, 51.4% were at risk (Eurasia, 90%; South Asia, 19.9%), mostly mild in intensity; >90% received prophylaxis as per the guidelines (except South Asia, 77%). Women in Eurasia and TH Open 2018;2:e116-e130.

Cette recherche concerne l'étude des propriétés antimicrobiennes de l'huile essentielle d'une plante sauvage, Prangos asperula Boissier, et de la détermination du seuil de sa toxicité.Les propriétés antimicrobiennes ont été étudiées sur cinq germes :-Streptococcus fecalis, Staphylococcus aureus (bactéries gram +) ; -Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli (bactéries gram -) ; -Candida albicans (levure). La toxicité de cette huile essentielle a été évaluée à partir de plusieurs expérimentations sur des souris testées au laboratoire.Les essais pour une concentration déterminée ont été effectués sur une série de cinq souris. Les concentrations d'huile essentielle appliquées varient de 20 à 160 mL/mL. Après injection de la solution d'huile essentielle, des observations sur le comportement des souris ont été notées. La dose létale 50 (DL 50 ) a été déduite à partir de la droite tracée décrivant la mortalité des souris en fonction de la concentration de la solution injectée. La DL 50 trouvée est de 1,05 mL/g. Abstract:This research concerns the antimicrobial properties of an essential oil of a wild plant, Prangos asperula Boissier, and the determination of its toxicity threshold.Antimicrobial properties were tested against five germs: -Streptococcus fecalis, Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive bacteria); -Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli (gram negative bacteria); -Candida albicans (yeast). The toxic effect of this essential oil was tested on mice in a laboratory. Different concentrations of the essential oil were used, ranging from 20 to 160 ml/ml. Each was tested on a series of five mice. After essential oil solution injection, the behavior of the mice was documented. The lethal dose (LD 50 ) was deduced from the straight line describing the death rate in relation to the concentration of injected essential oil solution. The LD 50 found was about 1,05 mL/g.