O objetivo deste artigo foi discutir o processo histórico da integração ensino/serviço em Odontologia no Brasil. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura a partir de um levantamento bibliográfico nas bases SciELO e LILACS utilizando as palavras-chave Integração ensino/serviço; Estágio curricular; Odontologia; Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde; PET-Saúde; Atenção primária à saúde; e Práticas profissionais, limitada a artigos publicados entre os anos de 1970-2014, em português. Também foi realizada uma pesquisa documental, contemplando as legislações existentes. A análise evidenciou que a integração ensino-serviço no Brasil, por muitas décadas, se deu de forma lenta, embora atualmente haja uma política de incentivo para favorecer esta integração. Foram identificadas experiências exitosas a partir da integração ensino-serviço em Odontologia, embora se destaque que ainda exista dificuldades e fragilidades, principalmente porque o sistema de saúde vigente no Brasil está em construção. Considera-se que os incentivos para a consolidação da parceria entre universidade e serviços de saúde devem ser mantidos e ampliados, com o objetivo de favorecer a formação profissional em Odontologia no aspecto mais amplo de saúde e trazer benefícios reais para os serviços de saúde.
Objective: To analyze the perception of public service professionals on teaching-service integration in Dentistry. Material and Methods: This qualitative study used a guidescript for interview with four managers and another for seven dentist preceptors who participated in the years 2010-2012 of Work Health Education Program and the Extramural Internship in Health Promotion II in the Dentistry course of the Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil. The thematic content analysis proposed by Bardin was carried out by two researchers and the complete transcription of speeches obtained in interviews was analyzed. Results: Four categories on the "teaching-service integration" theme were identified: teaching-learning process, contributions to service and users, interpersonal relationships, and professional training. Professionals highlighted the exchange of experience between practitioners and academics, enrichment of the academic experience in the training field and stimulation of local productivity, as in educational activities, and good acceptance by users. However, they also reported challenges, such as the beginning of the preceptory process without previous specific preparation, and that there are limitations concerning, for example, the infrastructure and the overload of the preceptor professional. Conclusion: In the perception of professionals, teaching and service integration is a positive strategy for academicians but also for health services, although there are still challenges to be overcome.
Tabagismo; Teste de Fagerström, Síndrome de abstinência.
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