Objetivo: investigar índices de ocorrência de coinfecção Staphylococcus aureus e SARSCoV-2 e discutir o uso de antimicrobianos durante a pandemia COVID-19. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura com busca de artigos na base de dados médicos internacional PubMed, com a produção de um fluxograma que inclui identificação, seleção e inclusão dos dados. Resultados: Os dados de coinfecção com S. aureus em pacientes COVID-19 são ainda escassos, todavia atentampara uma taxa de coinfecção baixa. Embora os índices estatísticos sejam baixos, quando esse tipo de coinfecção se faz presente, resulta em agravamento da COVID-19 elevando a chance de letalidade. Suspeitas de coinfecções levam ao uso de antibióticos, muitas vezes de forma empírica, o que pode favorecer o aumento da seleção de bactérias resistentes, sendo este último ponto um problema grave de saúde pública mundial. Considerações finais: A partir da situação atual, é imperativo aconselhar o uso racional de antimicrobianos, mediante critérios clínico-epidemiológicos, rastreio laboratorial e teste de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos. Tais parâmetros asseguram o correto tratamento, controlam a seleção de cepas multirresistentes e auxiliam na segurança do paciente.
Background Insect resistance in crops represents a main challenge for agriculture. Transgenic approaches based on proteins displaying insect resistance properties are widely used as efficient breeding strategies. To extend the spectrum of targeted pathogens and overtake the development of resistance, molecular evolution strategies have been used on genes encoding these proteins to generate thousands of variants with new or improved functions. The cotton boll weevil ( Anthonomus grandis ) is one of the major pests of cotton in the Americas. An α-amylase inhibitor (α-AIC3) variant previously developed via molecular evolution strategy showed inhibitory activity against A. grandis α-amylase (AGA). Results We produced in a few days considerable amounts of α-AIC3 using an optimised transient heterologous expression system in Nicotiana benthamiana . This high α-AIC3 accumulation allowed its structural and functional characterizations. We demonstrated via MALDI-TOF MS/MS technique that the protein was processed as expected. It could inhibit up to 100% of AGA biological activity whereas it did not act on α-amylase of two non-pathogenic insects. These data confirmed that N. benthamiana is a suitable and simple system for high-level production of biologically active α-AIC3. Based on other benefits such as economic, health and environmental that need to be considerate, our data suggested that α-AIC3 could be a very promising candidate for the production of transgenic crops resistant to cotton boll weevil without lethal effect on at least two non-pathogenic insects. Conclusions We propose this expression system can be complementary to molecular evolution strategies to identify the most promising variants before starting long-lasting stable transgenic programs.
Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are a broad group of microorganisms that offer a huge, unexplored potential. We assessed the genetic diversity of endophytic bacteria that were isolated from corn and wheat plants in 3 different types of soils: A1 (Red Argisol), A2 (Red Latosol) and A3 (Red Nitossol). Endophytic bacteria were isolated from seedlings using 7 solid culture media and were further analyzed by 16S gene sequencing. IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid) production and PSI (Phosphorus solubilization index) bacteria capacity were tested in a randomly scheme in triplicate. In vitro association was assayed with 6 randomly selected endophytic strains. The experiment design was arranged in a randomly scheme with 10 replications. In vivo assays were performed to evaluate plant growth promotion using a low-fertility soil in different inoculation and/or fertilization conditions. The experiment design was arranged in a factorial 3x4 scheme in triplicate. The following characteristics were evaluated in both experiments in triplicate: plant biomass, total nitrogen content (TN) and endophytic population. As results, a total of 136 isolates were collected, and from these isolates, 41 strains were sequenced and classified into 4 major phylogenetic categories. There was a 38-fold variation between the highest (Ensifer adhaerens) and the lowest (Agrobacterium larrymoorei) IAA producer, and only 14% of strains were high phosphate solubilizers. In vitro assays identified both positively (Burkholderia ambifaria) and negatively (Pantoea ananatis) associative strains. In vivo assays showed that plant genotype can limit or induce the endophytic microbiota and that plant microbiota are highly influenced by soil fertility.
Objetivo: destacar fatores de risco e discutir o panorama atual da Sífilis congênita no Brasil. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, baseada no modelo PRISMA com busca de artigos nas bases de pesquisas biomédicas Pubmed e Science Direct, em um intervalo de publicação de 2011 a 2020, o que resultou na produção de um fluxograma, seguindo as etapas de identificação, seleção e inclusão dos dados. Resultados: foi observado um aumento significativo na incidência de casos de sífilis gestacional e congênita na última década. Além disso, foi possível o levantamento de grupos que apresentam maior propensão em transmitir a sífilis congênita; sendo as mulheres com baixa escolaridade, em vulnerabilidade socioeconômica, em uso de drogas ilícitas, durante a gravidez, autodeclaradas pretas ou pardas e a alta incidência de sexo desprotegido, as casualidades que levaram ao aumento dos casos. Considerações finais: este estudo sugere possíveisfalhas do sistema de saúde em oferecer um pré-natal adequado, diagnóstico assertivo de sífilis e outras ISTs, tratamento correto e campanhas de conscientização que alcance os grupos de maior propensão.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.