Patient education has become increasingly important in medical rehabilitation in recent years. While educational programmes are often conducted under ideal circumstances during the developmental process, basic conditions may be less favourable in routine application on a daily basis. Therefore, quality requirements of patient education are needed. We have previously defined quality requirements regarding the conception of educational programmes and now propose quality criteria concerning the execution of patient education, with particular attention to inpatient medical rehabilitation of adult patients. In this report, both the procedure and the results of the process of criteria development are described. We obtained patient education experts' opinions regarding both dimensions and criteria of educational quality using the Delphi technique, which included a consensus group discussion. Final agreement was reached for eleven dimensions assessed with 59 criteria, covering the following domains: basic conditions of patient education; necessary qualifications of instructors; integration of patient education into the rehabilitation process; and quality management. The quality criteria proposed aim to increase the awareness of quality requirements and to provide a tool for improving the quality of patient education in medical rehabilitation.

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We aimed to analyze the number and type of contacts involving the risk of respiratory disease transmission during football match play. We analysed 50 matches from different playing levels. Two reviewers evaluated the contacts of all players in each match. We focused on between-player contacts, crowding, actions with potentially increased aerosol and droplet production and within-player hand-to-head contacts. We categorized the duels with direct contact into frontal and other ones and measured contact duration. The number of between-player contacts were similar between playing levels (median 28.3 [IQR 22.6, 33] contacts per player-hour). Frontal contacts summed up to 8% of all contacts. Contacts involving the head occurred less than once per player and match with none lasting longer than 3 s. Crowding included between two and six players and the duration was mostly less than 10 s. Aerosol and droplet producing activities were three to four times more frequent in adult compared to youth players. Our results suggest that the risk of respiratory pathogen transmission is low during football matches. This conclusion is based on the finding that most close contact situations are of short duration and on the fact that it is an outdoor sport.

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