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A KrF excimer laser beam is used to induce controllable and high-contrast colors on a stainless-steel surface under different processing conditions. The laser beam acts as a localized heating source that promotes the formation of semitransparent oxide films of varying thicknesses and morphologies on the sample surface. Ellipsometry and atomic force microscopy were employed to understand the laser-induced colors by studying the surface morphology and optical properties of the oxide films and their thickness. It is found that the laser-induced colors vary with the oxide layer thickness. The laser-treated areas have granular structures, which affect oxide growth and light scattering.

in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) Microbioreactors with multioptical sensors have become increasingly important because of their small working volumes, high degree of parallelization and the available robotics. A novel hydrophobic luminescent copolymer P(Pt-TPP-TFEMA) along with reference P(Pt-TPP-EMA) containing the pendant group of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) moiety as low-cost dissolved oxygen (DO) chemosensor film for high-throughput microbioreactors is designed. Its sensor film exhibits fast response to DO with good stability and fatigue resistance, being capable of applying as a low-cost DO indicator for high-throughput bioprocess measurement. Results show that the quenching response of DO increases with the enhancement in the copolymeric hydrophobicity using the presented hybrid fluorinated ethyl methacrylate. Furthermore, the long emission band at 650 nm of chromophore TPP with large Stoke's shift about 250 nm brings several advantages, such as low scattering, deep penetration, and minimal interferences of absorption and fluorescence from the fermentation system, which shows high-promising application in bioprocess monitoring.

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