A433Objectives: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, and is also positively associated with tumor size and a higher probability of having positive axillary lymph nodes and faster growing tumors. It has been suggested that up to 50 % of postmenopausal breast cancers are attributable to obesity. Accordingly, this study assessed the impact of lifestyle intervention on body mass index (BMI) in women with breast cancer. MethOds: This is a randomized clinical trial study .The Study samples were 80 women with stage I, II, or III breast cancer, that operated for breast cancer and their chemotherapy or radiation therapy completed 3-18 months ago. They are divided randomly into two groups; control group and lifestyle interventions group. Those in the lifestyle intervention group were instructed to practice aerobic exercises 45-60 minutes three times per week for 24 weeks with dietary energy restriction training. Those in the control group were instructed to continue normal activities and their routine health care. Data were obtained from the patient information form and body mass index form that completed before and after the lifestyle intervention in both groups. Results: No baseline differences existed between the two groups for the mean of BMI (p = 0.366) before the study ; but the mean of BMI in the lifestyle intervention group after the intervention decreased to 25.12 ± 2.86, while in the control group it increased to 30.42 ± 6.89. The difference between the mean of BMI among the two groups after the intervention was statistically high (p = < 0.001). cOnclusiOns: Lifestyle intervention could be considered as part of a cancer survivorship program. For women with breast cancer, lifestyle intervention can decrease body mass index. Additional research in lifestyle intervention along with cognitive behavioral therapy also may be beneficial.
In the United States (US), incidence of total hip arthroplasty (THA) and THA revision procedures is increasing due to an aging population, longer life expectancy, and increasing prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA). We conducted a retrospective cohort study to estimate the clinical and economic burden of THA revisions in a Medicare population. MethodS: We identified persons aged ≥ 65 in the Medicare 5% Standard Analytic Files who underwent THA for OA between January 1, 2009 and September 30, 2010. Defining a revision as ≥ 1 medical claim for a revision procedure following discharge from the THA hospitalization, we used the Kaplan-Meier method to calculate 5-year cumulative revision risk (CRR) through September 30, 2015. Medicare expenditures were calculated for the revision episode of care (inpatient stay plus 90-day global period for Medicare bundled payment). Using a 6.22% compound annual growth rate from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, we estimated the number of THAs to be performed in 2018-2027 and calculated the 10-year projected savings to Medicare for a 1% CRR reduction. ReSultS: Among 7,820 eligible patients, mean age was 74.4 years, with 62.4% female. CRR was 4.2% at 5 years, with 30.8% of revisions occurring within 90 days of the THA. At least 25% of revision patients had a complication. Mean (median) episode-of-care expenditures were $39,274 ($36,157). Conservatively (using median episode-of-care expenditures), if it were to achieve a 1% absolute CRR reduction, Medicare could realize savings of $697 million over 10 years; or $985 million when including Medicare Advantage, which represented 29.2% of 2016 Medicare payments. ConCluSionS: Strategies to reduce the risk of THA revision -such as the use of implant constructs with lower CRR and valuebased payment models -are needed to achieve Medicare payment reductions while maintaining or improving quality of care for Medicare beneficiaries.
Objectives: Reviewing the statistical indicators of mortality we see that cancer is in second most common cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. Cervical cancer is the seventh most common type of cancer (among women) in Europe. According to current estimations, there are 58,373 new diagnosed out of 3,257 million women older than 15 years, from which 24,404 ends with death. There is an organized screening system in Hungary since 2003. Most women participate "traditionally", out of this system or ignore invitation and do not accept the opportunity. This behaviour is typical among Romany population, which is Hungary's largest ethnic group. Many stereotypes live in our society about Romany people, like starting sexual activity early, giving birth to many children. MethOds: A quantitative, cross-sectional study was carried out. Our sample consisted of Romany women from Zala, Baranya and Somogy county, Hungary (N= 368). The main topic was reasons for staying away from cervical cancer screening in our self-made questionnaire. During statistical analysis we calculated descriptive statistics, χ 2-test and test (p< 0.05). Results: Mean age of responders was 36.43±11.27 years. 17.39% never attended gynaecological screening. Mean age of participants in screening (82.34%) was 21.14±6.97 at their first time. Educational attainment is an influencing factor in participation (p< 0.05). The non-participation rate of those who: have finished only elementary school is 22.6%, hold vocational training certificate is 11.9%, have finished high school is 9.1%, while 100% of women with higher education attended. cOnclusiOns: It is important to make Romany women aware of process of screening, it's possible gain, barriers and accidental side effects, and most importantly the risks of staying away from screening. IT is also crucial to evolve such a health-conscious behaviour, which allows them to identify cervical cancer before the occurrence of symptoms therefore lowering mortality rate.
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