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The traditional method of teaching Human Anatomy is based on the use of cadavers, text books and the use of images from an atlas. Learning anatomy by means of a cadaver contributes to the understanding of the shape, location and relationship of various organs and structures of the human body. However, the use of cadaverous material presents difficulties in terms of acquisition, conservation, quality and quantity. Thus, to improve the teaching of anatomy other learning objects such as anatomical models, videos and software, have been used. Each of these objects has its qualities as facilitators of knowledge, a fact represented by the impact that they have on the learning of anatomy translated into an improvement in student grades. However, such learning objects should not replace the use of cadavers, rather all of these methods should be integrated in order to improve the performance of students. This article presents a review of the literature on the quality and the language of learning objects used to enhance the teaching of Human Anatomy, in addition to analyzing the influences of computers on changes to the learning objects in content of the discipline of anatomy.

Trabalho desenvolvido na Universidade Salgado de Oliveira (UNIVER-SO), campus Recife, Recife-PE, Brasil. 1. Fisioterapeuta, Recife-PE, Brasil. 2. Fisioterapeuta, Mestre em Patologia pela Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), professora substituta da UFPE, Recife-PE, Brasil. 3. Fisioterapeuta, Mestre em saúde da criança e do adolescente (UFPE), professora titular da Universidade Salgado de Oliveira (UNIVERSO), Campus Recife, Recife-PE, Brasil. RESUMO Objetivo. Analisar o nível de conhecimento dos fisioterapeutas neurofuncionais acerca da Síndrome de Pusher (SP). Método. Aplicou-se um questionário com os fisioterapeutas que realizam atendimentos neurofuncionais em clínicas, hospitais e serviços de home care em Recife-PE. Resultados. Dos 60 entrevistados, somente 37 conheciam a SP. Deste universo de 37, 40.5% já realizaram alguma pesquisa sobre a SP. Todos os fisioterapeutas apontaram o AVC como a principal causa; porém, menos de 35% indicaram tumores cerebrais e traumatismo cranioencefálico. O tálamo póstero-lateral foi indicado por 35.1% deles como a possível estrutura lesada. As posturas ortostática (62.2%) e sentada (21.6%) foram informadas como a que mais se observa o comportamento peculiar da SP. 62.2% relataram que o paciente resiste à correção da sua postura por insegurança. As principais características clínicas relatadas foram o deslocamento do centro de gravidade para o lado plégico (59.5%) e a utilização do hemicorpo sadio para se empurrar (51.4%). Por fim, os recursos terapêuticos mais utilizados foram: transferência de peso para o lado plégico (70.3%) e a utilização de feedback visual e auditivo (67.6%). Conclusão. No Recife, poucos são os fisioterapeutas neurofuncionais que conhecem a SP. Destes, o nível de informação pode ser considerado insatisfatório e, em alguns aspectos, contraditório. Unitermos. Síndrome de Pusher, Fisioterapia, Hemiparesia. Citação. Góis CMS, Araújo MCNV, Silva KC, Araújo ATC. Avaliação do Conhecimento dos Fisioterapeutas Neurofuncionais acerca da Síndrome de Pusher. ABSTRACTObjective. To analyze the knowledge level of neurofunctional physiotherapists about Pusher Syndrome (PS). Method. A questionnaire was applied to physiotherapists who execute neurofunctional services in clinics, hospitals and home care services in Recife-PE. Results. Only 37 of the 60 physiotherapists interviewed knew about PS. From this subset of 37, just 40.5% had previously done some research about PS. All physiotherapists of this subset pointed to stroke as the principal cause; however, less than 35% suggested brain tumor and traumatic brain injury. The posterolateral thalamus was indicated by 35.1% of the physiotherapists as the possible damaged structure. The orthostatic (62.2%) and sitting (21.6%) postures were identified as the most frequently observed particular behavior of the PS patient. Also, 62.2% related that the patient resists correction to his posture because of insecurity. The main clinical features reported were displacement of the center of gravity to the paretic side (59.5%) and the...

Swimming does not influence previously affected bone tissue during the neonatal period, however it may cause damage to healthy bone tissue.

the aim of this study was to conduct a literature review of impacts of protein malnutrition and/or early food deprivation on the formation of the growth plate in young animals. A search was performed using the databases PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO and the Cochrane Library, without language restrictions or any limit as to year. Initially, 150 articles were identified, however, after application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria only five remained. In three studies the nutritional stress was due to protein malnutrition, another due to fasting and the fifth was due to food restriction. All the studies had some methodological omissions. The studies included in this review-demonstrated corroboration in the results obtained, regardless of whether the animals had been subjected to protein malnutrition, fasting or food restriction. The findings uncovered were reduction in height of the epiphyseal plate, in the number of proliferative and hypertrophic chondrocytes, in the bone growth rate and in the longitudinal length of the bone in animals subjected to nutritional stress. In this systematic review, it was possible to observe the susceptibility of the epiphyseal plate in the first place, and secondarily, of the long bones to the effects of nutritional stress by means of protein malnutrition or food deprivation applied in young animals.