In different crop plants, combining ability and heterosis are used as important diagnostic tools for assessing the performance of parental genotypes and their hybrids. This research aimed to evaluate heterotic and combining ability effects in the diallel crosses of melon (Cucumis melo L.) for yield- and quality-related traits. Seven melon (C. melo L.) genotypes were grown and crossed in a complete diallel fashion to produce F1 hybrids. During the 2019 crop season, 49 melon genotypes (7 parents + 42 F1 hybrids) were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Observations were made for seven characters. Analysis of variance revealed significant (P ≤ 0.01) differences among the melon genotypes for harvest age, fruit flesh thickness, fruit total soluble solids, fruit length, and fruit diameter and merely significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) for fruit weight. Combining ability analysis revealed that mean squares due to general combining ability (GCA) were significant for fruit diameter but were nonsignificant for all other traits. However, mean squares due to specific combining ability (SCA) were significant for all traits. The parental genotypes PK-165, PK-464, and PK-669 exhibited the highest and desirable GCA effects for yield and quality traits. Hence, these genotypes could be used to generate high-yielding hybrid/open-pollinated cultivars. GCA:SCA ratios further revealed that the traits of harvest age, fruit flesh thickness, fruit total soluble solids, fruit length, and fruit weight were controlled by dominant gene action, whereas fruit diameter was managed by additive and dominant genes. The majority of the traits were controlled by nonadditive gene action, verifying that the said breeding material could be efficiently used for the production of hybrid cultivars on the basis of heterotic effects.

Melon breeding is directed at improving the quality of the fruit needed to meet consumers' demands. e assessment of hybrid melon candidates on important characteristics (vitamin A, vitamin C, and TSS) at ve maturity stages is needed to get hybrid melon varieties with good fruit quality and determine the right harvest time. is study aimed to evaluate the genetic parameters of vitamin A, vitamin C, and TSS contents of D-612 × PK-669 and PK-361 × PK-165 crossings at ve stages of maturity. e study used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with eight genotypes as treatment and three replications, so there were 24 experimental units.e eight melon genotypes were G 1 = D-612 × PK-669, G 2 = PK-669 × D-612, G 3 = D-612, G 4 = PK-669, G 5 = PK-361 × PK-165, G 6 = PK-165 × PK-361, G 7 = PK-361, and G 8 = PK-165. e content of vitamin A, vitamin C, and TSS was observed at ve maturity stages, namely, at 55 DAP, 60 DAP, 65 DAP, 70 DAP, and 75 DAP. e right harvest time for the eight genotypes tested was maturity stage 4 (70 DAP) because it had the highest vitamin A, vitamin C, and TSS contents compared to other maturity stages. e inheritance of vitamin A and C content was not a ected by the maternal e ect, while TSS was in uenced by the maternal e ect. e vitamin A, vitamin C, and TSS content characteristics had higher phenotypic diversity coe cients than genetic diversity coe cients, while heritability values in the broad sense for the three melon genotypic characteristics ranged from 0.613 to 0.968. Crosses of PK-165 × PK-361 can be used to assemble hybrid melon varieties that have high vitamin A, vitamin C, and TSS contents because they have positive values for heterosis and heterobeltiosis for the three characteristics.

The application of biological agents can be done singly or in combination to increase its effectiveness. Trichoderma sp. fungi, Bacillus sp. and fluorescent psudomonads bacteria has been widely used as a biological control agent for plant pathogens. The purpose of this study was to determine the growth and reproduction of Trichoderma sp. in the presence of Bacillus sp., or fluorescent psudomonads. The research was carried out in vitro by dual and double layer culture method. The variables observed were the inhibition zone, the total and, viability of conidia of Trichoderma sp. The data obtained were compared using the two free sample T test and analysis of variance was continued with Duncan’s multiple range test. Based on the results of this study concluded that the growth and reproduction of Trichoderma sp inhibited by the presence of Bacillus sp. or fluorescent psudomonads, but does not reduce the viability of conidia. This shows that in Trichoderma sp. with Bacillus sp. or fluorescent psudomonads can be applied simultaneously.

Perakitan varietas melon hibrida dengan karakter-karaker unggul merupakan suatu upaya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan benih melon dalam negeri dan mengurangi ketergantungan impor benih melon dari luar negeri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi penampilan fenotipik 24 genotip tanaman melon hibrida (F1).  Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Trunojoyo Madura pada bulan Februari sampai Mei 2019. Bahan yang digunakan adalah 24 genotip melon hibrida (F1) hasil persilangan di antara galur-galur melon. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan satu perlakuan yaitu genotip dan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Analisis data menggunakan analisis varians (Anova) yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan pada taraf 5%. Nilai heritabilitas dalam arti luas dihitung menggunakan taksiran nilai kuadrat tengah pada analisis varians. Seleksi indeks digunakan untuk mendapatkan kandidat varietas tanaman melon hibrida. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 24 tanaman melon hibrida (F1) yang diuji memiliki perbedaan penampilan pada karakter umur berbunga, panjang buah, diameter buah, tebal daging buah, kadar gula, jumlah biji per buah, bobot buah per tanaman dan produksi per hektar. Nilai heritabilitas dalam arti luas tanaman melon hibrida (F1) pada karakter yang dievaluasi berkisar antara 0,15 – 0,71. Hasil  nilai seleksi indeks terboboti menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua calon varietas tanaman melon hibrida yang memiliki seleksi indeks tertinggi yaitu G4 dan G5.  ABSTRACTAssembling hybrid melon varieties with superior characters is an effort to meet the needs of domestic melon seeds and reduce dependence on imported melon seeds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic appearance of 24 genotypes of hybrid melon plants (F1).  This research was conducted at the Agrotechnology Experimental Field at Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Trunojoyo Madura from February to May 2019. The materials used

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kadar metabolit sekunder rimpang kunyit serta hubungannya dengan sifat kimia tanah di Kabupaten Bangkalan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret-Juni 2015. Subyek penelitian ini adalah sentra penanaman kunyit milik kelompok tani di tiga kecamatan yang ada di Kabupaten Bangkalan tepatnya di Kecamatan Bangkalan, Kecamatan Galis, dan Kecamatan Geger yang ditetapkan berdasarkan metode purposive sampling. Sampel kunyit dan tanah diambil 12 tempat di masing-masing kecamatan yang ditetapkan berdasarkan snowball sampling. Rimpang kunyit yang diambil yaitu rimpang induk dan anakan dari tanaman kunyit umur 8-12 bulan, selanjutnya diukur berat kering dan kandungan metabolit sekundernya yaitu kurkumin dan minyak atsirinya sedangkan sampel tanah selanjutnya dianalisa kandungan N, P, K serta C organiknya. Data yang telah diperoleh kemudian di analisis menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kunyit di Bangkalan memiliki berat kering rimpang 16,66 %-17,30 %, kandungan kurkumin 0,997 %-1,073 %, serta minyak atsiri 2,14 %-2,78 %. Unsur N berkorelasi positif terhadap kandungan kurkumin sedangkan unsur P dan C organik berkorelasi positif terhadap berat kering kunyit. Sifat kimia tanah tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kandungan minyak atsiri kunyit.