Intercalation of perylenediimide dye into a host layer of layered double hydroxide (LDH) by the anionexchange method is studied. N,N 0 -Bis(4-benzosulfonic acid)perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylbisimide disodium salt (PRSA) has been synthesized and intercalated into the perchlorate form of ZnAl-, CoAl-, and NiAl-LDH. LDH composite with welldefined morphology has been prepared. XRPD and FT-IR investigation show successful intercalation of PRSA, and the interlayer distances are 32.5 Å for ZnAl-LDH-PRSA, 30.0 Å for CoAl-LDH-PRSA, and 31.2 Å for NiAl-LDH-PRSA. These values support the presence of monolayer arrangement of intercalated PRSA molecules in the composite and also indicate vertical orientation of PRSA molecules with the basal plane of LDH. Photophysical properties of these intercalated composites have been measured with UV-vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The results indicate that the PRSA molecules are stacked in J-type aggregation in the interlayer region. Intercalated PRSA molecules show enhanced thermal and photophysical stabilities.

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In this work, fiber distribution through the cross-sections of compact yarns and their packing density values was investigated to provide a better understanding of the internal structures of compact yarns produced by different compact spinning systems, since there is no information available so far regarding their internal structure. The results of packing density analysis indicated that compact yarns had nearly 15—30% higher packing density values compared to that of the conventional ring spun yarns. Also, the packing density values of compact yarns produced by three different compact yarn spinning systems, namely Rieter K44, Suessen Elite and Zinser Air-Com-Tex700, revealed that there were no significant differences among these systems in terms of yarn packing density values.

The commercial availability of inorganic/organic precursors for sol-gel formulations is very high and increases day by day. In textile applications, the precursor-synthesized sol-gels along with functional chemicals can be deposited onto textile fabrics in one step by rolling, padding, dip-coating, spraying or spin coating. By using this technology, it is possible to provide fabrics with functional/multi-functional characteristics including flame retardant, anti-mosquito, water- repellent, oil-repellent, anti-bacterial, anti-wrinkle, ultraviolet (UV) protection and self-cleaning properties. These surface properties are discussed, describing the history, basic chemistry, factors affecting the sol-gel synthesis, progress in sol-gel technology along with various parameters controlling sol-gel technology. Additionally, this review deals with the recent progress of sol-gel technology in textiles in addressing fabric finishing, water repellent textiles, oil/water separation, flame retardant, UV protection and self-cleaning, self-sterilizing, wrinkle resistance, heat storage, photochromic and thermochromic color changes and the improvement of the durability and wear resistance properties.