Abstract-The present study was triggered by a variety of aspects in language education which need our urgent attention. One of these aspects is language acquisition that is related to the developmental stages of children. The early age child phase is a critical period for the development of children. This study aims to determine: (1) Significant effects before and after the stimulus to language vocabulary acquisition early childhood; (2) Knowing the development of child language acquisition at age four when viewed from the aspect of vocabulary acquisition, and (3) Knowing whether the respondent is still to generalize the meaning of objects that have the same characteristics. The theory underlying the research is based on B.F. Skinner's theory of behaviorism.

Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk mendeskripsikan kinerja kepala sekolah,  mendeskripsikan kinerja guru IPS, dan mendeskripsikan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru IPS di SMP Negeri 2 Arungkeke, Kabupaten Jeneponto. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian gabungan, penelitian yang mengombinasikan atau mengasosiasikan bentuk kualitatif dan bentuk kuantitatif dalam satu penelitian. Sumber data kualitatif yang digunakan yaitu data wawancara informan dan data sekunder. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan kajian pustaka, sedangkan model kuantitatifnya  menggunakan angket atau kuesioer. Angket yang diberikan berisi daftar pernyataan yang dibuat secara berstruktur dengan bentuk tabel sesuai dengan indikator kepemimpinan kepala sekolah yang diterapkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja kepala sekolah SMP Negeri 2 Arungkeke, Kabupaten Jeneponto dapat meningkatkan pemahaman dan pengetahuan serta kinerja guru IPS sesuai dengan visi dan misi sekolah, kinerja guru IPS di SMP Negeri 2 Arungkeke diukur dalam proses pembelajaran, perencanaan program pembelajaran, pelaksanaan pembelajaran serta evaluasi pembelajaran sudah terlaksana dengan baik dan terstruktur, dan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam meningkatakn kinerja guru IPS di SMP Negeri 2 Arungkeke, kabupaten jeneponto yaitu dengan memberikan motivasi semangat kerja guru, melakukan pembinaan disiplin, melakukan program kinerja guru, memberikan fasilitas belajar kepada guru IPS, memberikan penghargaan bagi guru yang berprestasi, memberikan insentif bagi guru.

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This study aims to describe the shape of the sign relations on character characters in the form of icons, indexes, and symbols as well as the contribution of novel Rara Mendut analysis to literature learning in high school. This research is a qualitative research using a literary semiotic approach with C.S. Peirce's sign theory. The data source in this study is the novel Rara Mendut by Y.B. Mangunwijaya. The data of this research is written data in the form of words, clauses and sentences contained in the text of the novel. Data collection techniques used is documentation, reading, and note-taking techniques. Data analysis techniques in this study is data reduction, data presentation, conclusions and data verification. The results of this study found that the figure of Rara Mendut as an icon of a brave and steadfast woman, the Pranacitra figure as a clever human icon, and the figure of Tumenggung Wiraguna as an icon of arbitrary ruler. The index found in this study includes the rejection of the of Rara Mendut character againts the proposal of the Tumenggung Wiraguna character and the true love story of the character Rara Mendut and Pranacitra. The symbols in this study is a symbols of Javanese culture that is thickly used by the characters in the novel. The results of this study can contribute as an alternative teaching material for learning literature in high school.

Moral decline has disturbed society at large as a result of unconsciousness in managing emotions. Therefore, efforts are needed to build a cultured and civilized national identity. This study describes 1) the classification of the emotions of characters in the novel Di Atas Pena You Melamarku by E. Shabila El Raihany, 2) the contribution of the classification of emotions of characters in the novel Di Atas Pena You Melamarku by E. Shabila El Raihany as Indonesian language teaching materials in high school. Data were analyzed by identifying, classifying, analyzing, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study found that 1) the emotional classification of the character of David Krech is not an emotion that develops independently but dynamically and can form personal integrity, 2) the contribution of the emotional classification of characters in the novel Di Atas Pena You Melamarku by E. Shabila El Raihany as teaching material has been in accordance with the basic competencies that exist in the 2013 Curriculum in SMA