Professional coaching career is associated with a wide range of issues and problems which need to be solved and are directly or indirectly determined by creative activity. Therefore, an appropriate training process of students, in particular prospective coaches, is an essential scientific and practical problem. The article presents a thorough psychological analysis of the structure of decision-making in extreme situations and identifies different types of non-standard situations in a coaching job. Also, it clarifies such concepts as “situation”, “non-standard situation” and “extreme situation” in the activity of the individual. It describes different types of non-standard situations which can be manifested in professional coaching and their impact on the human psyche. It analyzes extreme conditions in the activities of athletes and coaches and the role of various mental functions and personality traits in problem-solving. Importantly, the article emphasizes the role of the coach’s reflection and self-regulation in solving non-standard tasks under non-standard conditions. It indicates that two theoretical views on the nature of the human psyche and thinking correspond to two approaches to studying this particular problem. According to the first one, that is an adaptive approach, creative thinking as a form of behaviour is the result of learning, and only some individuals have creative ability. To teach creativity, however, one needs to include the elements of creative behaviour (problem-solving) and heuristics in the educational material. Another approach assumes that thinking is a productive process emerging as a result of a certain problematic situation. Prerequisites for the creative process are cognitive abilities and research activities of the individual.

The importance of knowing the processes of choice, decision-making is determined by the objective role that they play in the organization of human activity. An important feature of man is his unique ability to make decisions in the most difficult conditions of activity, which are characterized by high uncertainty, the presence of many inconsistent criteria, lack of time, high responsibility and more. The target effectiveness of the decision can be assessed only after its implementation, but the prediction of potential decisions is possible only if the study of its neuropsychological mechanisms. Cost-effectiveness is characterized by intellectual, physical, neuropsychological and material costs of decision-making. The non-standard situation, as a rule, seeks to reduce cost-effectiveness, because in this case the solutions are achieved by the exertion of intellectual, emotional and physical forces and is determined by the ability of the individual to act in such an environment. The neuropsychological mechanisms of such decisions are of interest to science in terms of ensuring the adequacy and timing of such decisions, which is hypothetically related to the morphological and psychoneurological characteristics of the subjects of action. In the context of our study, it is important to conduct a thorough psychological analysis of different types of unusual situations in the coach and find ways to improve the effectiveness of decisions, which primarily depends on the level of psychological readiness of the individual to perform its.

Most prospective coaches are not fully ready to manage sports teams under extreme conditions and cannot make quick decisions in difficult situations. The article aims to develop students’ psychological readiness to make decisions in extreme coaching situations. The formative experiment involved 50 students (25 respondents in the experimental group; 25 respondents in the control group). It became possible to develop operational readiness in prospective coaches by conducting special classes on the development of decision-making skills, self-reflection, self-regulation (theoretical classes and a set of exercises aimed at developing the necessary qualities). The final stage of the experiment shows that the number of EG students with a high level of anxiety has decreased by 16%. At the same time, the expert assessment shows that their capacity for self-regulation in extremely competitive situations has increased by 20%. The group of students’ leading motives includes the following: to achieve the set goals; to win; to enjoy the team’s victory; to prove oneself and test one’s abilities as a coach in extreme situations. In extreme professional situations, the leading motives behind coaches’ decisions involve achieving the set goals and enjoying the team’s victory. There were no significant differences in decision-making motivation among students (both males and females). However, almost every third student has a low level of motivation for competition.

Розкрито сутність педагогічного коучингу як технології професійного розвитку особистості в системі підвищення кваліфікації, а саме як продуктивного та раціонального засобу організації навчання у чинній системі. У представленій статті здійснено теоретичний аналіз коучингу як інноваційної педагогічної технології. Автори, спираючись на порівняльний аналіз науково-педагогічних джерел, зазначають проблеми, які є спільними у наукових дослідженнях вітчизняних та зарубіжних учених. Зазначено, що технологія коучингу отримала ґрунтовний теоретичний аналіз і широке практичне застосування саме в теорії та практичних дослідженнях зарубіжних учених. У публікації також наведено етимологію, походження та значення слова “коуч”. Автори визначають, що спільними ознаками у вітчизняних та зарубіжних дослідженнях коучингу є: побудова освітнього процесу на мотивуючій взаємодії; створення можливостей для розкриття потенціалу особистості; рівноправна творча діяльність учасників освітнього процесу; партнерство для підтримки людей у досягненні своїх цілей. Показано, що досвідчений коуч може продемонструвати багато характеристик коучингу, але здатність забезпечити ефективне навчання з використанням різноманітних педагогічних підходів можуть бути одним із найважливіших факторів у студентському розвитку. Доведено, що коучинг має всі ознаки педагогічної технології, єдиної моделі педагогічної діяльності проєктування, організації та впровадження в навчальний процес. Стаття призначена для науковців і тренерів, викладачів, керівників навчальних закладів, які займаються освітньою діяльністю.

The article proves that globalization, informatization, openness and standardization of the education quality have radically changed not only the scheme of knowledge transfer, teaching methods, but also have actualized the problem of understanding the deep essence of knowledge itself, its levels. The emphasis is placed on the priorities of cultural and personal knowledge, which are an integral part of the personality and provide with the expansion of his/ her social experience. It is substantiated a significance of the educational knowledge formation as a synthesized set of philosophical principles, humanitarian knowledge, pedagogical experience, which are designed to overcome the inconsistency and diversity of two types of «products»: «production of a cultural person» in education and «production of knowledge» about the structure and basic processes of education. It is stated that the positions of a synergetic approach allow to analyze the development and functioning of the educational system both in the short and long perspective, to create favorable conditions in the educational environment for choosing and giving each subject a chance to move individually, to stimulate independence of choice and making a responsible decision, to provide personal development and educational knowledge, the formation of skills of knowledge self-management of as the basis of professional competence.