Anthelmintic resistance of Haemonchus contortus worm has become a major problem in ruminant production. Traditional medicinal and potential tropical plants with high tannin contents have a great potency as an alternative source of bio-anthelmintic. The study was carried out to assess the in vitro egg hatches inhibiting (EHI) and adult worm motility (AWM) tests and in vivo anthelmintic activities of aqueous leaf infusion of Azadirachta indica against H. contortus. Leaf infusion at doses of 2%, 4%, and 6% were used for in vitro treatments, and albendazole at a dose of 2 mg/mL was used as a positive control and 0.9% of sodium chloride was used as a negative control. The EHI assay was conducted two times i.e., before treatment and 24 h after treatment. The AWM were monitored 15 and 30 min, and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 h post treatment. Sixteen Javanese Thin Tail ewes at the ages of ±12 months that naturally positive of H. contortus with about 1.000 EPG were selected and allocated randomly to 4 groups (n= 4). They were subsequently received the ensuing treatments i.e., A. indica infusion at doses of 0% (A) as a control, 6% (B), 8% (C), and 5 mg/BW albendazole (D) at a single oral dose as a positive control. Experimental ewes in Groups B and C were given oral infusion weekly during 4 weeks of treatment. EPG's fecal examinations were conducted weekly. The result showed that the leaf infusion of A. indica containing condensed tannin (CT) at a dose of 6% significantly inhibited egg hatching (P<0.05) with a better effect compared to doses of 0%, 2%, and 4%. In AWM test, three doses of infusion significantly difference each other, as well as both negative and positive controls (P<0.05). After treatment, both of the A. indica containing CT levels and albendazole reduced EPG count significantly (P<0.05). Meanwhile, significant difference was not detected in dose of 8% aqueous leaf infusion of A. indica and albendazole treatments on weeks 3, 4, 5, and 6 consecutively. In conclusion, the aqueous leaf infusion of A. indica is fully potential as a bio anthelmintic against H. contortus.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan tepung daun kaliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus) dalam pakan terhadap performan broiler. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan 60 ekor ayam dengan lima perlakuan yaitu penambahan tepung daun kaliandra 0,0, 2,5, 5,0, 7,5 dan 10,0%. Setiap perlakuan terdiri dari tiga ulangan dan setiap ulangan terdiri dari 4 ekor ayam. Pakan perlakuan diberikan pada umur 8-35 hari. Pengambilan data konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi protein, konsumsi energi dan konversi pakan dilakukan setiap seminggu sekali selama 4 minggu. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis variansi pola searah dan jika ada perbedaan rerata perlakuan diuji dengan Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung daun kaliandra berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi protein, konsumsi energi dan konversi pakan. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan tepung daun kaliandra maksimal pada level 5,0% dalam pakan broiler.

No abstract

A study was conducted to determine the potency, physicochemical characteristics, and to analyze the secondary metabolites content of solid herbal waste (SWH) as a substitute source of feed rich fibre and feed supplements in ruminants. The first study included an analysis of production potential, physical analysis, and chemical composition analysis of SWH. The second study was an analysis of secondary metabolites content of SWH. The results showed that SWH volume reached 6-8 m3/day or 4020-5360 kg/day, the chemical composition of herbal solid waste was similar to king grass with high lignin content (17.53%). SWH containing total phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids and essential oils which generally have antimicrobial activity. According to the potential availability, chemical composition and secondary metabolites content of SWH, it can be used as an alternative for substitute of feed rich fiber or feed supplements with attention to the content of secondary metabolites that can affect the process of fermentation and digestibility in the rumen. Further in vitro and in vivo research ore needed to determine the effect of SWH on rumen fermentation parameters and its application in the ration in ruminant livestock.Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi dan karakteristik fisikokimia limbah padat jamu (LPJ) dan melakukan analisis kandungan metabolit sekunder LPJ sebagai pengganti pakan sumber serat dan suplemen pakan pada ternak ruminansia. Penelitian pertama meliputi analisis potensi produksi, analisis fisik, dan analisis komposisi kimia limbah padat jamu. Penelitian kedua adalah analisis kadar metabolit sekunder LPJ. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan volume LPJ mencapai 6 -8 m3/hari atau 4.020 -5.360 kg/hari, komposisi kimia limbah padat jamu mendekati rumput raja dengan kandungan lignin yang tinggi (17,53%), LPJ mengandung total fenol, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, alkaloid dan minyak atsiri yang secara umum memiliki efek antimikrobia. Melihat potensi ketersediaan limbah, komposisi kimia dan kandungan metabolit sekundernya, LPJ dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif bahan pakan pengganti serat atau suplemen pakan dengan perhatian terhadap kandungan metabolit sekunder yang dapat mempengaruhi proses fermentasi dan kecernaan di dalam rumen, sehingga diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut pengaruh LPJ terhadap parameter fermentasi rumen dan aplikasinya dalam ransum pada ternak ruminansia.Kata kunci: Limbah padat jamu, pakan sumber serat, metabolit sekunder tanaman, efek antimikrobia, fermentasi rumen

This study aims to determine the effect of litter size of ewes and lamb performances under an intensive care management system. The material used was 20 ewes consisting of single and twin litter sizes given the same rations. Ewes were kept in individual cages from four months of gestation to one month postpartum. The variables observed were ewe's consumption, body weight, Body Condition Score (BCS), birth weight, and Average Daily Gain (ADG). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (SPSS ver. 22). The results showed that the consumption of DM, CP was significantly different (P<0.05). The bodyweight of gestation, parturition, and one month after lambing ewes between litter sizes were not significantly different (P>0.05). Ewes BCS significantly affected the performances of single and twin litter sizes (gestation; 3.12±0.24 vs. 2.83±0.29 and one month after lambing; 2.82±0.25 vs. 2.50±0.00). The total birth weight of twins was higher than that of single twins (2.15±0.42 vs. 2.79±0.22 kg/ewe), while body weight after lambing and ADG of lambs was not significantly different (P>0.05). This study concluded that the litter size affects the BCS of ewes and the birth weight of the lambs, so it was a suitable parameter for ewe selection.