Chondrocytes are cultured in a 3D biphasic gelatin solution/hydrogel system. Solution viscosity affects chondrocyte functions. High viscosity is more beneficial for cell phenotype maintenance, while low viscosity is more beneficial for proliferation.

AIgG anchored LC microdroplets showing configurational transition from radial (a) to bipolar (b) upon interaction with IgG.

Interconnected pore structures of scaffolds are essential to control cell functions for cartilage tissue engineering. In this study, collagen scaffolds with interconnected pore structures were prepared using poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) sponges...