Fungsi dan manfaat tanah sangat penting bagi kehidupan manusia, hal ini dapatdilihat dari banyaknya sengketa tanah yang sejak dahulu telah menjadi realitassosial dalam setiap masyarakat meskipun dalam bentuk dan identitasnya yangberbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis dengananalisa data menggunakan model interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkansengketa yang terjadi di masyarakat bermacam-macam antara sengketa warisan,hibah dan jualbeli tanah; faktor-faktor yang mengakibatkan terjadinya sengketatanah secara umum diantaranya nilai ekonomis tinggi; kesadaran masyarakatmeningkat; tanah tetap, penduduk bertambah; kemiskinan. Penyelesaian sengketadalam masyarakat secara garis besar dapat digolongkan menjadi dua macamcara yaitu melalui melalui pengadilan (litigasi) dan di luar pengadilan (nonlitigasi). Penyelesaian sengketa di luar pengadilan yang sering dilakukanmasyarakat meliputi melibatkan dua atau lebih pihak yang berkepentingan(negoisasi), proses penyelesaian sengketa di mana para pihak yang berselisihmemanfaatkan bantuan pihak ketiga yang independen sebagai mediator(penengah) dan melibatkan lebih dari dua pihak yang tugasnya membantu pihakyang berperkara dengan cara mencari jalan keluar secara bersama (fasilitasi).

<p>This study aims to determine the application of sharia principles in sharia economic dispute resolution in the National Sharia Arbitration Agency (Basyarnas). This study uses a method of socio legal study, how sharia principles are applied in resolving sharia economic disputes so that they can provide justice for both parties. Secondary data collection is carried out through a literature study of primary legal materials and secondary legal material. Some data was requested for confirmation from the National Sharia Arbitration Agency (Basyarnas) in the Yogyakarta region. To obtain answers to the research problems, 3 activities were carried out simultaneously, namely data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing / syllogistic verification of deduction. The results of the research and discussion obtained several conclusions, namely first, Islamic principles have not been maximally implemented by Basyarnas, this can be seen from the basis of the consideration of Basyarnas law in its decision. Basyarnas should also correct in terms of the contract, whether it is in accordance with sharia principles or not so that the arising of the dispute is not solely due to the default of the customer but can also be caused by incompatibility with sharia principles. Second, according to Antony Allot's theory of legal effectiveness, the application of sharia principles in sharia economic dispute resolution has not been carried out in accordance with sharia principles, this is due to the lack of clarity in the case in Basyarnas' decision.</p>

This study aimed to provide an overview of the sociology-economic conditions of the people in Debegan village of Mojosongo, Surakarta after receiving training on miniature craft and aircraft using styrofoam materials from the IAIN Surakarta Research and Service Institute (LP2M) team. The study was expected to provide access to create economic empowerment for village communities. As previously known, the city of Surakarta is a vocational city promoting the community uniqueness to be managed in the form of social, cultural and economic activities. The method used in this study is Participation Action Research (PAR). Participatory Action Research (PAR) is a research method carried out in a participatory manner among citizens in a lower level community whose spirit is to encourage transformative actions. The findings and results of the study showed that this activity received relatively good enthusiasm from the people of Debegan village, Mojosongo, Surakarta City. The level of attendance and frequency of the attended meeting was always more than 20 out of 30 participants. This shows that the 80% target audience attendance was reached  successfully. This activity requires further follow up to the training that has been given, with the hope that the community will not only be skilled in making crafts from Styrofoam waste but also have marketing and network skills.

Article 9 paragraph (2) of UUPA gives equality for Indonesian men and women, one of them is related to ownership, utilization of HAT whether for men or women who is given the equality in family by the law. However in fact the wife often finds difficulties in the ownership and utilization of the land rights, especially the property and its causing factor, such as the gender inequality of the social and cultural values , which commonly gives more priority to the men than the women (patriarchal ideology); Most of the constitutional regulation still takes the part of one gender, in other words, it does not reflect the gender equality; Moreover the interpretation of religious lessons that are less comprehensive, contextual and holistic, or inclined to be textual and partially understood also very influence the mindset that the ownership, utilization of HAT for women is different from the men.Keywords: wives rights, HAT & Collective PropertyAbstrak Pasal 9 ayat (2) UUPA memberi kedudukan yang sama bagi laki-laki maupun perempuan warga negara Indonesia, salah satunya berkaitan dengan kepemilikan, pemanfaatan HAT baik laki-laki maupun perempuan yang diberi kedudukan sama oleh hukum di dalam keluarga. Tetapi di dalam kenyataannya seringkali isteri kesulitan dalam kepemilikan dan pemanfaatan hak atas tanah khususnya harta bersama faktor penyebabnya, diantaranya kesenjangan gender dalam tata nilai sosial budaya masyarakat, umumnya lebih mengutamakan laki-laki daripada perempuan (ideologi patriarki). Kebanyakan peraturan perundang-undangan yang ada masih berpihak pada salah satu jenis kelamin dengan kata lain belum mencerminkan kesetaraan gender. Selain itu, penafsiran ajaran agama yang kurang komprehensif atau cenderung tekstual dan kurang kontekstual, cenderung dipahami parsial kurang holistic juga sangat berpengaruh terhadap pola pikir bahwa kepemilikan, pemanfaatan HAT perempuan memang berbeda dengan laki-laki.Kata Kunci: Hak Istri, HAT & Harta Bersama

Political power and ethical politics are closely related to morals in the philosophy of science because they are part of ethics and aesthetics. Meanwhile, the integrity of election administrators is one of the goals of the philosophy of science in terms of ontology, epistemology, axiology. This study discusses the development of the philosophy of science towards political power and ethical politics in elections and why the philosophy of science considers the integrity of election administrators needed. This research method is in the form of normative legal research called literature study. How to examine library materials in the form of legal research (legal research) is analyzed using ontology, epistemology, and axiology. The results of this study are that the development of the philosophy of science towards political power and ethical politics shouldpower and leadership can be used in a civilized and ethical manner because the purpose of power in the philosophy of science is to create justice and benefit society. Keywords ; political power, ethical politics, philosophy of science