Abstract. Mahogany seed extract (Swietenia mahagoni) is a natural larvacidal material which contains limonoid, flavonoid, saponins and alkoloid. Mahogany seed extract can kill Culex sp larvae, which known as filariasis vectors. There are several mosquitoes control are used to pressing Culex sp larvae growth, such as using larvacidal and fogging but have bad impact on the circumtances The study observed effect of mahogany seed extract on Culex sp. larvae mortality. This study utilized an experimental method with ANOVA and probit analysis to determined LC50 and LT50. Extraction method were used in this study was maceration method. This research used some variation of mahogany seed extract concentration, consist of 8%, 10%, 20%, 50%, with negative control (-) used distilled water. Research repetition was carried out 3 times with a total sample of 325 larvae. Observations were made at 15, 60, 120, 240, 420 and 720 minutes (12 hours). This study found that there was a significant effect between the concentration of mahogany seed extract on larval mortality with Fcount > Ftable (0.05 ≥ 0.01). The concentration that effectively kills 50% of Culex sp (LC50) larvae was 10%. the time which was needed to kill 50% of Culex sp (LT50) larvae was 204,230 minutes. The higher the concentration level of mahogany seed extract were used, so that more larval mortality rates. The morphology or larvae body structure after administration of mahogany seed extract was damaging in the abdomen and thorax, allegedly inhibited growth hormone due to the mechanism of action of mahogany seed extract as an antifeedant This reaserch can be using mahogany seed extract with different methods and larvae. Mahogany seed extracts are expected to be applied in society as a vector control and this research can be developed using mahogany seed extract with different methods and larvae. Keywords: Mahogany seeds, Extract, Culex sp, larvacidal, Maceration, Abstrak. Ekstrak biji mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni) merupakan bahan larvasida alami yang mengandung limonoid, flavonoid, saponin dan alkoloid. Ekstrak biji mahoni diduga bisa membunuh larva Culex sp, yang berperan sebagai vektor filariasis. Ada beberapa cara penanggulangan nyamuk yang digunakan untuk menekan pertumbuhan larva Culex sp, seperti penggunaan larvasida dan fogging tetapi memiliki dampak yang buruk untuk lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat pengaruh ekstrak biji mahoni terhadap kematian larva Culex sp. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan analisis ANOVA dan analisis probit untuk menentukan LC50 dan LT50 . Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah modifikasi maserasi. Konsentrasi ekstrak biji mahoni yang diujikan yaitu 8%, 10%, 20%, 50%, dengan kontrol (-) menggunakan aquadest. Pengulangan dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali dengan total sampel 325 larva. Pengamatan dilakukan pada menit ke 15, 60, 120, 240, 420 dan 720 menit (12 jam). Penelitian ini memperoleh hasil bahwa adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara konsentrasi ekstrak biji mahoni terhadap kematian larva dengan Fhitung > Ftabel (0,05 ≥ 0.01). Konsentrasi yang efektif membunuh 50% larva Culex sp (LC50) adalah 10%. waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk membunuh 50% larva Culex sp(LT50 ) adalah 204,230 menit. Semakin tinggi tingkat konsentrasi ekstrak biji mahoni semakin tinggi pula tingkat kematian larva. Morfologi atau struktur tubuh larva setelah pemberian ekstrak biji mahoni mengalami kerusakan di bagian abdomen dan toraks, diduga mengalami penghambatan hormonpertumbuhan karena mekanisme kerja ekstrak biji mahoni sebagai antifeedant. Ekstrak biji mahoni diharapkan dapat diaplikasikan di dalam masyarakat sebagai pengendalian vector dan Penelitian ini bisa dikembangkan dengan menggunakan ekstrak biji mahoni dengan metode dan larva yang berbeda. Kata Kunci: Biji mahoni, Ekstrak, Culex sp, Larvasida, Maserasi
ABSTRAKDemam Berdarah Dengue adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus dari famili Flaviridae yang ditularkan oleh serangga (arthropod borne virus = arbovirus) melalui perantara utama nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor iklim dengan kejadian DBD di Kota Sukabumi. Data iklim merupakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Badan Klimatologi Meteo rologi dan Geofisika wilayah II Dramaga. Sedangkan data kasus DBD diperoleh dari Dinas Kesehatan Kota Sukabumi. Data dianalisa menggunakan analisis correlation pearson product moment dan regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian tentang faktor iklim menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara suhu udara dengan kasus DBD di kota Sukabumi di tahun 2010-2015, tetapi tidak ada hubungan yang signifi kan antara faktor iklim (curah hujan, dan kelembaban) dengan tingkat kejadian DBD karena data tidak dikumpulkan untuk jangka waktu yang cukup lama. Hasil ini dapat digunakan sebagai pertimbangan dalam program pengendalian masa depan untuk Ae. aegypti, karena bisa dilakukan untuk meramalkan waktu pengendalian dan manajemen pengendalian yang efektif.Kata kunci: curah hujan, demam berdarah dengue, kelembaban udara, Kota Sukabumi, suhu udara ABSTRACTDengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by virus family Flaviridae . The virus is transmit ted by Aedes aegypti as major vector. This research aims to determine the correlation between climate factors and the incidence of DHF in Sukabumi City. Climate data were obtained from the Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Region II, Dramaga Bogor. Monthly notified dengue cases in Sukabumi City, Indonesia, were obtained from the Health department of Sukabumi. Data include cases from January 2010 December 2015. Analyses between climate data and DHF data were performed on Correlation Pearson Product and simple linear regression. Results showed that there was a relationship between air temperature and DHF cases in Sukabumi City during 20102015 (pvalue 0.032) with ex tremely weak and positive correlation. However, there was no significant relationship between climate factors (rainfall and humidity) and incidence level of DHF due to reasons such as data were not collected for a considerable period of time and incomplete data of DHF cases and climate. These results should be considered in future control programs for Ae. aegypti, because it can be performed to predict the time control and management of effective control.
ABSTRAKKejadian demam berdarah dengue (DBD) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Pengamatan selama kurun waktu 20 sampai 25 tahun sejak awal ditemukan kasus DBD menyatakan bahwa angka kejadian luar biasa DBD mengalami peningkatan setiap lima tahun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah 1) mempelajari keanekaragaman nyamuk Aedes di kota Sukabumi, 2) mengukur populasi Aedes sp. berdasarkan jumlah telur dan indeks ovitrap, dan 3) mengetahui hubungan indeks ovitrap dengan kondisi rumah. Telur Aedes sp. dikumpulkan dari 14 kelurahan di Kota Sukabumi yang memiliki angka insiden tertinggi, mulai dari bulan Mei 2015 hingga Agustus 2015. Pengumpulan telur dilakukan dengan cara memasang perangkap telur (ovitrap) sebanyak 230 buah di 115 rumah (di dalam dan di luar rumah). Hasil pengumpulan ovitrap menunjukan jumlah telur yang diperoleh dari ovitrap di dalam rumah 3 kali lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan telur dari ovitrap di luar rumah (1307 banding 429). Nyamuk Ae. aegypti ditemukan pada ovitrap di dalam rumah dan Ae. albopictus pada ovitrap di luar rumah. Indeks ovitrap di dalam rumah mencapai 60%, atau 1,6 kali lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan indeks ovitrap di luar rumah (37%). Rumah dengan ventilasi dan sanitasi buruk berisiko 3,09 kali meningkatkan angka indeks ovitrap. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai informasi dasar bagi masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kebersihan lingkungan melalui pengurangan tempat perindukan nyamuk sehingga menurunkan kejadian DBD.Kata kunci: ovitrap, kondisi rumah, telur Aedes spp. ABSTRACTThe incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is still a public health problem in Indonesia. Observations over a period of 20 to 25 years since the beginning of the discovering of the disease, has show the increase of the diseases incidence every five years. The purpose of this study are 1) study the diversity of Aedes's mosquitoes in Sukabumi City, 2) measure the Aedes population based on the number of eggs and ovitrap index, and 3) to know the correlation between ovitrap index and house condition. Aedes eggs were collected from 14 villages in Sukabumi City that has the highest incidence rate, started from May 2015 until August 2015. Collecting eggs is done by setting a trap eggs (ovitrap) as many as 230 pieces in 115 homes (indoor and outdoor). The results showed that Ae. aegypti were found inside houses and Ae. albopictus were outside houses. The number of eggs collected from ovitrap inside the houses were three times more than those collected from outside. Ovitrap index inside houses was 60%, or 1.6 times more than the ovitrap index outside the houses
Basil is a type of vegetable that is found the most as a carrier of STH (Soil Transmitted Helminths) is basil (Ocimum sanctum). This study aims to compare the number and types of STH worm eggs in Ocimum sanctum using 2 types of observation techniques, namely flotation and sedimentation. The research method was observational analytic with a laboratory approach. Samples were taken from vegetable farmers as much as 60 g then divided into 2 treatments each 30 g for the flotation and sedimentation methods. The results of observations on both STH worm eggs were found. Strongyloides sp. worm eggs found in sedimentation techniques and Ascaris sp, Trichuris sp. and hookworms were found in both observation methods. The average value of worm eggs in the flotation method was 9 and the sedimentation method was 6. This research serves as a reference for the community to always maintain the cleanliness of the food they will consume.
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