Honey for human consumption must be processed under satisfactory conditions of Good Manufacturing Practices and not contain extraneous matters or microbiological contamination. However, several studies have shown that a high percentage of honey samples from different regions of Brazil are not adequate in terms of food safety. In this sense, this work aimed to evaluate the microbiological, microscopic, and physicochemical quality of uninspected honey samples marketed in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Thirty honey samples (n= 30) were collected, and total coliforms, total fungi, extraneous matter and filth, moisture content, Aw, pH, total titratable acidity, Lugol test, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) were analyzed. Filamentous fungi were also isolated and identified at the gender level. Rodent hair and ants were found in the samples, indicating health risk for consumers. The data obtained demonstrated that 56.7% of the samples were adulterated. All positive samples in the Lugol test also presented starch granules in the microscopic evaluation, suggesting adulteration by the addition of sugar cane or corn starch syrup. No sample showed the presence of coliforms, and the total fungal count can be considered low. Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp., and Aspergillus spp. were the principal genera of filamentous fungi isolated. High 5-HMF values were found, mainly in the adulterated samples. The data obtained will be reported to the competent authorities, since such products of unknown composition are being commercialized, offering risks to consumers' health.
A água de abastecimento público do município de Sete Lagoas (MG) é caracterizada como dura devido às características calcárias do subsolo, gerando um sabor desagradável e ocasionando um elevado consumo de água mineral engarrafada. A grande variedade de marcas disponíveis no município gera questionamentos sobre a qualidade das mesmas. Sendo assim, este trabalho objetivou avaliar as características físico-químicas, microbiológicas e verificar as informações de rotulagem em amostras de água mineral envasadas em volume de 20 litros comercializadas no município de Sete Lagoas-MG. Foram em analisadas em triplicata 18 amostras diferentes. A determinação de coliformes totais, termotolerantes, Escherichia coli e Pseudomonas aeruginosa foi realizada através da técnica do Número Mais Provável (NMP) e a contagem de Enterococcus sp. pelo método da membrana filtrante. As análises de dureza e alcalinidade total foram realizadas pelo método volumétrico com indicador visual, a concentração dos minerais (cálcio, magnésio, sódio e potássio) por espectrometria de absorção atômica e a medida de pH utilizando um medidor de pH. Verificou-se que oito amostras apresentaram-se impróprias para o consumo, sendo que, sete apresentaram contaminação por Enterococcus sp. e três por P. aeruginosa. O pH, a dureza e a alcalinidade estavam de acordo com os padrões estabelecidos para águas potáveis. Para a maioria das amostras os valores encontrados para os minerais analisados variaram bastante quando comparados com o declarado no rótulo. Concluiu-se que algumas marcas estavam em desacordo, seja por questão microbiológica ou físico-química. Fiscalização, análises periódicas e aplicação de boas práticas são fundamentais para que sejam fornecidas água mineral de qualidade adequada para o consumo humano.
The inclusion of pulse flours with higher dietary fiber content in bakery products, such as chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) flour, has been exploited by the food industry due to its nutritional and sensory characteristics. This work aimed to develop a sandwich bread with a partial substitution (7.5%, 15%, and 30%) of refined wheat flour by whole chickpea flour (WCF) and also to evaluate the effects on sensory acceptance, physicochemical parameters, and texture profile during the shelf life. Four methods for obtaining WCF were assessed and the best condition was used to produce the sandwich bread. Sensory evaluation was carried out with 65 consumers using a 9-point hedonic scale and a purchase intention scale. Firmness, elasticity, cohesiveness, chewability, and fracturability was evaluated by the Texture Profile Analysis (TPA). The specific volume, total fungi count, pH, titratable acidity, and moisture content were also determined. The nutritional composition was estimated by mass balance. Data demonstrated that there was no difference (p>0.05) in sensory evaluation of the products elaborated with different concentrations of WCF, and all samples presented good acceptance. The addition of WCF did not cause negative effects on the texture and volume characteristics of the bread. The sample with 30% WCF had adequate technological characteristics, resulting in a product with higher nutritional value, especially dietary fiber, and was well accepted by the consumers. This formulation can be used by the food industry and also in domestic preparations, contributing to the diversification and nutritional enrichment of sandwich bread.
Cabacinha cheese from Vale do Jequitinhonha is similar mozzarella, but in this milk is crude, being the product is stored at ambient without packaging. Besides it contributes to local income, customers may be food-poisoned. The objective of this study was to verify the physical-chemical and microbiological characteristics of samples of Cabacinha cheese produced and marketed in Vale do Jequitinhonha-MG. Samples were bought in tents (n=25), restaurants (n=4) and bakeries (n=2) located by BR 251 and BR 116 highways in the towns of Medina, Cachoeira de Pajeú and Pedra Azul. Cheeses from 17 marketplaces were purchased from the first town, 10 from the second and 4 from the third, respectively. The coliforms at 35ºC, Escherichia coli, coagulase positive Staphylococcus, lactic acid bacteria, filamentous fungi and yeasts were 1.8 x 103; 1 x 101; 4.6 x 103; 6.3 x 107 and 4.9 x 106 Colony Forming Units per gram, respectively, and Salmonella spp. are absent. The chemical characteristics mean was 26.47% of protein, 27.69% of fat, 4.34% of minerals, 36.23% of moisture, 843.66 mg/100g of sodium and pH of 5.14. This is the first paper that describes microbiological and chemical characteristics of Cabacinha cheese from Vale do Jequitinhonha. The absence of regulations for microbiological parameters may put the health of consumers at risk.
O caldo-de-cana é uma bebida obtida do esmagamento da cana-de-açúcar através de moendas, geralmente acrescido de gelo e frutas cítricas, muito apreciado pelos consumidores e, geralmente, comercializada em feiras livres e por ambulantes em vias públicas. Para que a obtenção do caldo-de-cana seja feita de forma segura é fundamental a adoção de Boas Práticas relacionada com o beneficiamento, preparo, armazenamento e distribuição da bebida. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo quantificar matérias estranhas e sujidades totais em amostras de caldo-de-cana comercializadas em Sete Lagoas-MG. Foram coletadas 21 amostras da bebida e analisadas pelo método de filtração direta, seguido de observações em microscópio estereoscópio e microscópio ótico acoplados com câmera digital. Do total de amostras analisadas, 61,9% apresentaram matérias estranhas indicativas de falhas de boas práticas e 14,3% apresentaram matérias estranhas indicativas de riscos à saúde humana. Com relação às análises físico-químicas, verificou-se que a acidez expressa em ácido cítrico variou de 0,05 a 0,18%, o pH de 5,5 a 6,17 e o teor de sólidos solúveis de 16,4 a 28,6° Brix. Pode-se concluir que apenas 23,8% estavam adequadas para consumo. As principais falhas verificadas no momento da coleta que podem explicar tal contaminação foram a exposição da cana-de-açúcar no ambiente com presença de vetores, falta de proteção para cabelos dos manipuladores, bem como o contato das roupas do manipulador com a matéria-prima e o descarte incorreto dos resíduos sólidos gerados no processamento.
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