No abstract

The kinetics of the reaction between nitric acid and formaldehyde have been studied by spectrophotometry. The reaction is autocatalytic. A two-step mechanism is proposed, which accounts for this behavior and describes the effect of reactant concentrations on the characteristics of the kinetic curves: the length of the induction period, t,, the maximum rate, rmax of nitrous acid production and the final product concentration, cp

an elimination-challenge procedure. The patient ful®lled all the diagnostic criteria of FIE (1, 5): vomiting and/or diarrhea occurring within 24 h of the challenge, stool containing blood and leukocytes, and a rise in PNL of .3500/mm 3 . We also observed a rise in the eosinophil count.Although the clinical picture in our patient seems to be clear, the mechanism remains obscure. As the target organ was the gastrointestinal tract, we think that the cow's milk antigens probably present in the amniotic¯uid might have been responsible.

No abstract

Since several data refer to the role of immune processes in the pathogenesis of dia. betes mellitus, this study was performed to compare aspecific and specific immune reactions in type Iand in type II diabetic patients over a six month period. The percentage and the absolute number of SRBC-rosette forming active E(A), of theophylline-resistant E(Thr) and of ORCB-rosette forming T(M)-cell subsets proved to be elevated in newly diagnosed type I but reduced in type II diabetic patients. Also an elevated percentage of HLA-DR positive, activated T cells was found in the majo--rity of recent-onset type I diabetics. In the presence of human pancreas extract, a significant inhibition of leucocyte migration, a pronounced and specific cytotoxic capacity of all lymphocyte subsets (especially of the T(G)-cells), and elevated antibody titers (passive haeniagglutination, indirect immunofluorescence) were observed in almost all type I diabetics, but only in a few cases of type II patients. After six months, the frequency both of the aspecific and of the specific immune parameters was decreased in type I diabetics, but no changeß were observed in the type II diabetics with a previously positive test. The latter patients required insulin therapy at the time of the, second investigation. The leucocyte migration inhibition test and the lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity are suitable for studying in-vitro-sensitization against pancreatic tissue and they might predict later insulin-dependency in type II diabetic patients.