Objective: To assess the impact of emollient therapy on gain in weight and length among preterm and low birth weight babies. Study Design: Randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: Aim of my study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of MRI in characterization of indeterminate ovarian masses on Doppler ultrasound (US) of pelvis while keeping histopathology as gold standard. Study Design: Cross sectional (validation) study. Setting: Radiology Department of Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Period: From January 2015 to December 2016. Material and Methods: Approval was taken from institutional ethical committee, a total of 91 patients were enrolled in this study. All the patients found to have indeterminate ovarian mass on sonography and Doppler US were examined with MR imaging performed on a 1.5-T Philips MR imaging unit in the radiology department Allied Hospital Faisalabad. The interval between Doppler US and MRI pelvis was about 7 to 10 days. Histopathology was taken as gold standard for final diagnosis and in determining the diagnostic accuracy of MRI. Results: All women having a mean age of 42 years (range, 15–85 years) who found to have indeterminate ovarian masses on Doppler US were included in the study. There were 71.4% benign and 28.6% malignant cases found on MRI while on histopathology 77% masses were benign and 23% malignant. The sensitivity and specificity of MRI in determining adnexal masses in our study is 100% & 93.86% Conclusion: MRI is ideal imaging modality for characterization of indeterminate ovarian masses. Magnetic resonance imaging is found to be quiet helpful in characterization of ovarian masses where sonography and Doppler US are not helpful.

Background: Pregnancy has great influence on maternal thyroid gland. It induces significant physiological as well as hormonal changes that alters the maternal thyroid function. Our goal was to determine this pregnancy associated changes in thyroid gland. Objective: To correlate the sonographic findings of maternal thyroid gland with thyroid function tests during pregnancy. Material and methods: 135 pregnant women were recruited in this study, data of TSH, T3 and T4 was obtained and correlated it with the sonographic findings of maternal thyroid gland in each trimester of pregnancy. Results: In the 135 sampled pregnant women, mean thyroid gland volume was 4.08±1.19 cm3. The mean levels of T3, T4 and TSH were v3.37±.44 pmol/L, 14.96±2.49 pmol/L and 1.21±.92 mIU/L respectively. A remarkable correlation between thyroid hormones and thyroid volume was observed. Conclusion: It is concluded that the ultra-sonographic findings is correlated with the thyroid function tests during pregnancy.

Circumcision is the commonest surgical procedure carried out on children. After evaluation of currently available studies and clinical trials the health benefits of newborn male circumcision outweigh the risks. Objectives: To determine the frequency of urinary tract infection (UTI) in uncircumcised infants presenting in the pediatric floor of Faisalabad Medical University. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional study. Setting: Pediatric Ward, Emergency and OPD, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: July 2017 Dec 2017. Material & Methods: After Ethical Review, all male uncircumcised subjects were included with consent from the patients. Data regarding the disease, presenting complaints was collected after complete examination of the child. Age, weight, temperature, history of previous UTI, dysuria, and colour and urine was noted. Urine sample was collected in a sterile container with the help of the parents and sent to the lab for complete examination and culture. Relevant baseline investigation was also sent to the laboratory for examination. Results of the urine complete examination and urine culture were also noted. Results: In this trial, mean age was calculated as 6.81+2.44 months, mean temperature and weight of the infants was recorded as 99.26+1.06F and 7.06+1.85kgs respectively. Frequency of history of dysuria was recorded in 30% (n=30), frequency of previous history of UTI was recorded in 13% (n=13), frequency of UTI was recorded in 25% (n=25). Conclusion: We concluded that the frequency of urinary tract infection (UTI) is higher in uncircumcised infants; however, timely circumcision may reduce the risk of UTI. The current data is primary in our population which needs authentication through some other trials.

To explore the effect of pre-exam stress levels of final year medical students on their academic performance. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Students of final year MBBS class at Independent Medical College Faisalabad. Period: Session 2010 to 2015. Methodology: Medical Student Stressors Questionnaire (MSSQ) was used for this study. 1 All male and female students of final year MBBS class of Independent Medical College were included in the study. Collected data analyzed by using SPSS version 18. Mean stress values and chi-square tests were used to compare the levels of stress and its effect on their academic performance. Results: Study results indicate that students who pass were taking moderate to high degree of stress as compared to students who fail in examination were in mild to moderate degree of stress. In short, high achievers were more stressed as compared to low achievers. High achievers were more stressed with ARS (Academic Related Stressor) and TLRS (Teaching and Learning Related Stressor). Low achievers were more stressed with GARS (Group Activities Related Stressor) and SRS (Social Related Stressor). Conclusion: The study concludes that stress can be used as a positive factor to improve medical students' academic performance. The most important thing is that not only some stress is necessary for good performance but also students should learn how to manage well their stress levels to improve their academic performance. This study gives guidelines to other medical colleges for developing coping strategies; so that stress can be used as a positive factor to improve students' academic performance. There is a need for stress management and student support programs in medical colleges, So that students may not drop out from medical programs.