Objective: The primary aim of this systematic review was to examine the relationship of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and elaborate the current knowledge and recent advances in the area of PAH and its effects on CVDs and discuss the growing epidemiological evidence linking PAH to CVDs on the health of human populations. In this systematic review, the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and their relationship with PAHs were discussed in detail.Methods: On 05th April 2021, a systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed/Medline and Web of Science search engines in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. The search was limited to articles that were written in English and dealt with human issues. All original peer-review publications were considered for inclusion. Comments, case reports, reviews, duplicated papers, and conference reports were excluded. Data was collected from included papers by two independent reviewers.Results: Conclusively, 20 research articles published between 2005 and 2021 were chosen for the final analysis. The systemic review included 20 studies with a variety of geographical studies. The most common research category among the nominated studies were time-series studies followed by retrospective cohort, cross-sectional, quasi-experimental, panel, and case-control studies. Most of the studies were conducted in the United States, whereas others were showed in various geographical countries around the world, such as Denmark, Germany, Finland, Netherlands, France, China, Norway, Korea, Sweden, Saudi Arabia, and Belgium. Eight studies assessed the association between PAH exposure and CVDs, four articles observed this relationship with blood pressure (BP), two observed association between atherosclerotic CVD and PAH, one congenital heart disease, cardiovascular events, and two with obesity. Furthermore, in some investigations, a favorable association between PAH exposure and hypertension as well as PAH exposure and obesity was found.Conclusion: In conclusion, this systematic review examined the relationship of PAH exposure with CVDs and CVD-related risk factors by searching several digital databases. After a comprehensive literature searches and summarizing findings from 20 articles, the authors concluded that a positive relationship was observed between PAH exposure and CVD risks.
Background: Numerous vaccines are implementation for the prevention of severe course and lethal outcome of coronavirus disease 2019 .Objective: This systematic review aims to summarize and integrated the ndings of studies regarding cutaneous side effects of COVID-19 vaccines.Methods: This systematic review conducted by searching the scienti c databases of PubMed, Scopus, Science direct, and Web of knowledge from the beginning of the COVID-19 to10/5/2021. Articles were reviewed and analyzed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist.Results: Seventeen studies were included after the screening of search results based on to the eligibility criteria. The results showed that injection site reactions and delayed large local reactions were the most common side effects arising from all vaccine types. Most cutaneous reactions occurred in middleaged women, after the rst dose of vaccine, and 1-21 days after vaccination. Most cutaneous reactions were self-limiting, need little or no therapeutic intervention, and were not regarded as a barrier to injecting a second dose. Limitations:Conclusion: In certain groups such as patients with allergies and a history of local injection reactions, pre-vaccination counseling and the use of appropriate medications may be helpful. However, more studies are needed to investigate the side effect pro le of all COVID-19 vaccines.This study was a systematic review that was performed by searching the scienti c databases of PubMed, Scopus, Science direct, and Web of knowledge for relevant English articles published from the beginning of the COVID-19 to10/5/2021. Analysis of retrieved articles was performed in four-step selection process of identi cation, screening, eligibility, and inclusion criteria, based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. Search strategyWe conducted a comprehensive search on the scienti c databases using MeSH keywords including: COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 OR Coronavirus OR "Corona virus" OR COVID; AND vaccine OR vaccines OR vaccination OR sputnik OR astrazeneca OR P zer OR sinopharm OR moderna OR bharat OR "Johnson &Johnson"; AND effect OR reaction OR adverse OR subsequence OR consequence OR complication OR outcome OR aftereffect OR disorder OR disturbance OR sequel; AND skin OR cutaneous OR Derm OR dermis OR keratinocyte OR dermatology.To nd more studies, the references in the relevant papers were also followed up. The search was performed by two independent researchers. Study selectionIn the rst step two researchers reviewed the retrieved articles and removed the duplicates. In other steps, the researchers screened the title and abstract of the records and the ineligible studies were removed. Then, the authors surveyed the full-text of the remaining studies based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and the eligible studies (case report, case series, and cross-sectional) were identi ed.We excluded the articles which were topic to at least one of the following criteria: N...
Objective Handgrip strength (HGS) exercise has been reported to reduce blood pressure in both hypertensive and normotensive patients. In this study, we evaluated the association of HGS with hypertension in a Chinese Han Population. Methods A total of 11,151 subjects mainly consisting of a rural population were recruited with a multi-stage sampling method in Jurong city, Jiangsu Province, China. Besides hypertension and diabetes, major chronic diseases were excluded. HGS was categorized into tertiles by age and gender. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association of HGS and hypertension with the odds ratio ( OR ) and 95% confidence interval ( CI ). Results From low to high tertiles of HGS, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was significantly increased (74.52 ± 7.39, 74.70 ± 7.03, and 75.54 ± 7.01 mmHg, respectively; P trend = 0.001), as well as in females ( P trend = 0.003). The differences in DBP among the tertiles of HGS were still significant in females even after adjusting for covariates ( P trend = 0.048). No significant differences in systolic blood pressure (SBP) were observed among the tertiles of HGS ( P >0.05). Compared to low HGS, high HGS was significantly associated with hypertension after adjustment for age and gender (adjusted OR , 1.19; 95% CI , 1.06–1.34; P =0.004). A stratified analysis showed that the significant association of high HGS and hypertension was also observed with the following factors even after adjusting for age and gender: female gender (adjusted OR , 1.25; 95% CI, 1.08–1.46; P =0.004), ages of 60–69 years (adjusted OR , 1.29; 95% CI, 1.06–1.57; P =0.011), and married (adjusted OR , 1.20; 95% CI, 1.06–1.37; P =0.005). However, no significant associations were found after adjusting for age, gender, smoking status, drinking status, body mass index, physical activity level, glucose, high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglyceride ( P >0.05). Conclusion The findings of the current study suggest that HGS was positively correlated with DBP in a rural population, and high HGS was associated with hypertension in females; however, the association may be modified by smoking status, drinking status, body mass index, physical activity, cholesterol level, and glucose level. Further utilization of HGS exercises to intervene in the development and prognosis of hypertension ...
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