The current study was undertaken with the primary objectives of exploring differences in moral intelligence due to gender and determining moral intelligences effect on the learning performance of second-year students. The population of the study consisted of all second year college students of Skardu, Pakistan. However, data were collected from 445 students within the entire population by using the simple random sampling technique. Female students were found more intelligent than male ones in this study. The results depict that moral intelligence significantly affects the academic performance of students. So, it is suggested that subjects and contents related to moral intelligence may be included in the syllabus of second-year college students, as far as students practical involvement of students in social and moral activities may also helpful in increasing moral intelligence; it may also be developed and increased by motivational speakers, who may deliver speeches and lectures on moral intelligence topic.

Emotional intelligence and institutional culture are considered as crucial factors of effectiveness for any organization. Researchers are keenly and constantly studying these factors for the last three decades. The study of institutional culture continues to gain increasing eminence. Emotional Intelligence helps Institutional leaders to cultivate such an institutional culture that produces organizational effectiveness. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of Institutional Culture on the Emotional Intelligence of HEIs Students. The universities were selected from one of the countries of South Asian developing region i.e. Pakistan. The study sampled 598 respondents from the department of management and social sciences of the HEIs of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The result was obtained using statistical calculations through Pearsons correlation and regression analysis. Therefore, the study found a strong positive relationship between institutional culture and emotional intelligence. The study offers significant recommendations for concerned institutions.

Esprit-De-Corps encompasses cohesion, loyalty and unity within an organization. The study is focused on the existing threads of EspritDe-Corps and its comparison in public and private sector universities. A sample of 533 faculty members was taken. The team STTEPS (T-TAQ) questionnaire was adapted for collecting the data. The data was analyzed through Percentage, mean and t-test. It was concluded that the strands of Esprit-De-Corps are more prevalent in private sector universities. It is recommended that faculty members may be involved in decision making process and trainings pertaining to leadership, communication and other live skills may be imparted.

On-campus and online learning modalities provide rich and diverse learning experiences to students with certain physical, psychological and Covid-19 limitations. Present study was carried out to compare the students’ preference of on-campus and online learning and their academic performance in both modes with the purpose of identifying the causes behind their choices. Mixed method research design was selected. 358 students from two public universities of Islamabad participated in research. The research instrument consisted of a mixed questionnaire containing close ended items followed by an open-ended research question. Results showed that majority of students preferred on-campus classroom learning. GPAs of students were better in online classes as compared to on-campus classes. Students favored on-campus learning due to good teacher-student relationships, better course content understanding, more class participation, high motivation, use of a variety of pedagogical practices, and more reliable assessment technique. Those students who favoured online classes said that it is easy to attend from any place, it saves travelling time and cost. Trainings may be provided to teachers about the use of various teaching strategies and suitable assessment techniques for online classes to enhance its effectiveness.

The purpose of the study was to see how the external environment affected triple-loop learning at institutions. The research was based on the Bruke-Litwin organisational change model. The study's goals were to: (1) determine the state of triple-loop learning in educational institutions; and (2) determine the status of triple-loop learning in educational organisations (universities) (2) Determine how the external world affects triple-loop learning. The survey method was chosen for a descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The survey included 4195 respondents from the faculties of natural and social sciences, with a sample size of 377 of the total population and 300 responses obtained. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. According to the findings, the external environment has a favourable impact on people.