Coix lacryma-jobi (Hanjeli) is known to posses anti-microbial properties. Therefore, phytochemical compounds of C. lacryma-jobi have been studied to produce novel antimicrobial agents as treatments against antibiotic-resistant bacteria.The objective of this study was to determine the phytochemical composition and antibacterial activity of the C. lacryma-jobi oil against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis. The phytochemical composition of the oil was determined via gas chromatography mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS). Moreover, agar disk and agar well diffusion were employed to screen the antibacterial activity of the oil. An agar well diffusion test was implemented to determinate MIC's (minimum inhibitory concentrations). Dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropylester, 1,3-dioctanoin, N-methoxy-N-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyran-6-carboxamide, propanamide, 5-Amino-1-(quinolin-8-yl)-1,2,3triazole-4-carboxamide, and pyridine were identified in the C. lacryma-jobi oil. The MIC value of the oil was 0.031 g/L and the MBC of the oil was 0.125 g/L effective in all test bacteria. Dodecanoic acid displayed inhibitory activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, our research demonstrated C. lacryma-jobi (Hanjeli) oil exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, and B. subtilis. These research suggest that C. lacryma-jobi root oil could be used for medicinal purposes; however clinical and in vivo tests must be performed to evaluate its potential as an antibacterial agent.

Aktifitas fisik berat dapat menyebabkan peroksidasi lipid ditandai peningkatan kadar malondialdehyde (MDA) dan penurunan kadar antioksidan yang dapat menurunkan performance dan kesehatan atlet. Peroksidasi lipid dapat dicegah atau dikurangi dengan pemberian antioksidan. Bit (Beta Vulgaris L) mengandung berbagai jenis antioksidan alami tetapi belum pernah diteliti khasiatnya untuk mengurangi peroksidasi lipid yang dipicu oleh aktifitas fisik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian jus bit selama latihan terhadap peroksidasi lipid dan status antioksidan pada saat melakukan aktifitas fisik maksimal. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian Randomized Control Group Pretest-Postest Design. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Stadion  Unimed dan Laboratorium Terpadu Fakultas Kedokteran USU. Sampel penelitian adalah mahasiswa Ilmu Keolahragaan sebanyak 30 orang  yang memenuhi kriteria. Pretest dilakukan dengan memeriksa kadar MDA, Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) dan VO2max. Selanjutnya sampel dibagi atas 2 kelompok  (P1=15, P2=15). Selama menjalani program latihan  kelompok P1 diberi Jus Bit 300 ml 1x1 hari, sedangkan P2 diberi sebagai kontrol. Kemudian semua sampel melakukan aktifitas fisik maksimal dengan menggunakan bleep test, dan kembali dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar MDA, TAC dan VO2max. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat penurunan kadar MDA serta peningkatan kadar TAC dan VO2max pada kelompok pelatihan yang diberi jus bit 300ml dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (p<0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian adalah pemberian jus bit selama latihan dapat menurunkan kadar MDA serta meningkatkan kadar TAC dan VO2max atlet. Kata kunci: Jus Bit, Malondialdehyde, Antioksidan, Aktivitas Fisik Maksimal, Latihan

Aktifitas fisik dapat menyebabkan peningkatan produksi radikal bebas yang menyebabkan terjadi stress oksidatif akibat jumlah radikal bebas melebihi jumlah antioksidan tubuh. Stres oksidatif dapat menyebabkan peningkatan jumlah leukosit. Jumlah leukosit perifer dapat menjadi sumber informasi untuk diagnosa dan prognosa serta gambaran kerusakan organ dan pemulihan setelah olahraga. Radikal bebas dapat dicegah atau dikurangi dengan pemberian antioksidan. Telah diketahui buah jambu biji merah mengandung antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian jus buah jambu biji merah terhadap jumlah leukosit pada aktifitas fisik maksimal. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian randomized control group pretest-postest design. Sampel penelitian adalah mahasiswa Ilmu Keolahragaan sebanyak 30 orang yang memenuhi kriteria. Selanjutnya sampel dibagi atas 3 kelompok (P1=10, P2=10, dan P3=10). Selama menjalani program latihan kelompok P1 diberi Jus Buah Jambu Biji Merah 1x1 hari, P2 diberi 3x1 hari, dan P3 sebagai kontrol. Pengukuran jumlah leukosit dilakukan sebelum latihan dan setelah melakukan aktifitas fisik maksimal. Berdasarkan analisis statistik, terdapat perbedaan jumlah leukosit dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol setelah melakukan aktifitas fisik maksimal (p<0,05). Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan pemberian jus buah jambu biji merah selama latihan dapat menngurangi peningkatan jumlah leukosit yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas fisik maksimal. Kata kunci:  Jus jambu biji merah, Aktifitas fisik maksimal, Jumlah leukosit

The purpose of this study was to determine the protective effects of beetroot juice treatment on hepatic oxidative stress at maximum physical activity. This type of research is an experimental study with a randomized control group pretest-posttest design research. The study was conducted at the Universitas Negeri Medan Stadium and Universitas Sumatera Utara Faculty of Medicine Laboratory. The sample was 30 students of Sports Science who met the criteria. The Pretest is done by checking the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and malondialdehyde. Furthermore the sample was divided into 2 groups (P1 = 15, P2 = 15). During the 30-day training program, the P1 group was given 250 ml beetroot juice once a day, whereas P2 was given as a control. Then all samples performed a maximal physical activity using a bleep test, and again examined levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and malondialdehyde. The results showed beetroot juice could reduce levels of malondialdehyde, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase at maximum physical activity.

Introduction: Concussion is a common complaint among adult and adolescent athletes around the world and poses a safety risk in competitive, recreational, and noncontact sports. It is estimated that concussions occur at a rate of 0.5 per 1000 playing hours; however, the precision of this estimate is uncertain due to variations in the interpretation and reporting of concussions. Athletes with a history of concussions are more likely to sustain additional concussions, which can result in cognitive decline, depression, and early degenerative change. In order to lessen the likelihood of future difficulties, this study compiles the research on preventing sports-related concussion in soccer and presents a summary of the findings. Material and Methods: We performed a literature search on PubMed, EBSCO (Elton B. Stephens Company), DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals), and Cochrane for the past 20 years. The search strategy was using Boolean terms based on any of the search terms of sports-related-concussion, soccer, and prevention. The studies were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: This research identified three systematic reviews, seven literature reviews, five cross-sectional studies, one randomized controlled trial, three prospective studies, and one retrospective study. As concussion prevention measures in soccer, several strategies can be implemented, including concussion education, rule/regulation changes, proper heading technique, behavioral skills training, vision training to improve sensory and anticipation, the use of supplements to prevent severe concussion and accelerate recovery, as well as prevention in youth sports and head impact detection. Conclusion: Good education, good technique, good training, and a good strengthening program can be implemented to prevent concussions in soccer. To determine the relationship between prevention and concussion, however, additional research is required.