Габелая Д.И., к.т.н., доцент кафедры металлургии, машиностроения и технологического оборудования ( digabelaia@chsu.ru ) Кабаков З.К., д.т.н., профессор кафедры металлургии, машиностроения и технологического оборудования ( zkkabakov@chsu.ru ) Мащенко М.А., к.т.н., доцент кафедры металлургии, машиностроения и технологического оборудования Череповецкий государственный университет (162600, Россия, Вологодская обл., Череповец, пр. Луначарского, 5) Аннотация. Представлена новая методика расчета температурных зависимостей удельных объемов сплавов равновесной системы Fe - C, основанная на известных расчетных и эмпирических зависимостях для определения изменения удельных объемов фаз от температуры и содержания углерода. Ранее большинство подобного рода расчетов основывалось на зависимостях С.Ф. Юрьева, которые получены для температуры ниже 1200 °С. При использовании этих формул при температурах выше 1200 °С удельный объем аустенита превышает удельный объем феррита. Однако известно, что аустенит имеет наименьший удельный объем среди всех фаз системы Fe - C. В связи с этим возникает необходимость в использовании других зависимостей, которые бы не противоречили физике процессов полиморфных и фазовых превращений в системе Fe - C. Получены общие зависимости для расчета удельных объемов сплавов отдельно для трех интервалов концентраций углерода, в которых изменения долей фаз от температуры рассчитываются по равновесной диаграмме Fe - C с использованием правила рычага. В качестве примера представлены результаты расчетного определения удельных объемов сплавов с содержанием углерода 0,05, 0,13 и 0,33 % в интервале температур 20 - 1600 °С. Выполнено сравнение представленных результатов с полученными с помощью пакета расчета фазовых диаграмм JMatPro®, на основе которого установлена адекватность предложенной расчетной методики. Разработанная методика может быть использована для расчетного определения удельных объемов сплавов, а также их плотности и коэффициента линейного расширения в зависимости от температуры и концентрации углерода. Полученные формулы для расчета удельных объемов позволяют корректно моделировать процессы затвердевания, охлаждения и усадки заготовок при непрерывной разливке сталей углеродистых марок с учетом эффектов фазовых превращений, а также использовать полученные результаты при настройке оборудования МНЛЗ. Ключевые слова: удельный объем, плотность, фаза, усадка, линейное расширение.
The article deals with theoretical and organizational aspects of the management justification on the basis of the effective financial motivation of the personnel in the context of its influence to use the production resources of the enterprise. To determine the studied object, the influence of the financial motivation of the personnel, the content of the category «effectiveness of financial motivation» is disclosed; the methods of the financial motivation are characterized; the types of the production resources of the enterprise are presented. Generalization of the provisions makes it possible to characterize the effectiveness of the financial motivation of the staff in two main areas: providing salaries and other bonuses in accordance with the quantity and quality of the labor results as well as the labor cost in the labor market; enhancing the employer’s growth: the labor productivity as well as the absolute indicators of income, profit on 1 UAH of salary (salary-making). The theoretical approach to manage production resources is developed on the basis of the financial motivation of the personnel. This approach provides the implementation of three stages: The first stage is the analysis of the state of efficiency of the financial motivation of the personnel. It provides the implementation of: definition of state financial efficiency of personnel motivation and problem statement; formulation of the purposes of the financial motivation of the personnel in terms of impact on the use of production resources of the enterprise. The second stage is the development of decisions to the growing influence of financial motivation of staff on the use of production resources. It involves the implementation of: defining a set of restrictions; generalization of relevant decisions. The third stage is decision-making and implementation. It provides the implementation of: development of decision selection criteria; selection and implementation of the relevant solution. The proposed analytical justification for making appropriate decisions takes into account organizational, informational and technological aspects and involves the use of appropriate decision-making methods to select the optimal option for influencing the use of production resources.
The article suggests using modern instruments of dynamic analysis, i.e. the theories of phase, cointegration, and bifurcation analysis and the catastrophe theory to improve the methodology to study the dynamic pattern of the development indices of complex hierarchical systems (CHS) and their relationship. The article elaborates the main directions for creating research models, which would describe the interaction between the development indices of CHS, grounded on estimating and analyzing pre-crisis, crisis and post-crisis phenomena in hierarchical social and economic territorial systems. A conceptual framework algorithm is designed to model the dynamic pattern of the CHS development using modern economic and mathematical instruments to study the dynamics of time-series data and assess the relationship of CHS indices. Complex models have been implemented to monitor the key CHS development indices based on the phase and cointegration analysis of the relationship between the following processes: investment and GDP; GDP and industrial production dynamics; GDP dynamics and import volumes dynamics; wages dynamics and industrial production dynamics; migration and natural population growth. As part of the implementation of a comprehensive model for monitoring key indices of CHS development based on bifurcation analysis and the catastrophe theory, the supercritical Hopf bifurcation is built in the relationship model of imports and GDP; surfaces of the functions of Kaldor’s model and a three-dimensional Kaldor’s model are constructed. The suggested complex toolkit for research models of the CHS development instability gives us the opportunity to draw conclusions about the reasons and factors of the occurrence of endogenous (self-generating) fluctuations and bifurcations; about the probability of catastrophes and crises arising in complex hierarchical economic systems. The solution of problems caused by the CHS development instability on the basis of complex application of phase, cointegration and bifurcation analysis will allow us to predict crisis situations in advance and to offer methods of their prevention, to find complex ways out of crisis situations.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.