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An incomplete skeleton especially skull is a great challenge for Forensic anthropologists for age & sex estimation. But sometimes denser bones are often recovered intact eg. zygomatic bone, maxillary sinus. Therefore this study tries to use the alternate methods for gender estimation by using measurements of denser areas of such unknown skull especially bizygomatic distance.The aim of this study was to investigate whether the bizygomatic distance, AP diameter & width of the maxillary sinus & intermaxillary distance could be used for determination of gender using CT scan. 191 cases were studied, from M.P. region, of which 106 were males and 85 were females. All the measurements were taken from series of CT Head images in axial images on DICOM viewing software in computer.The data was statistically analyzed by using Graph pad prism.Unpaired Student t-test was carried out and calculated for each data separately. Analysis of variance was also done & F-value were calculated. A statistically significant difference with p<0.0001 was observed in the bizygomatic distance with mean±SD of 9.55±0.41cm for male & 9.262±0.52 for female. The strongest correlated variable with bizygomatic distance was the intermaxillary distance (r = 0.3037) in male & AP diameter of sinus (r = 0.5980) in female.We can conclude that Computerized Tomography measurements of bizygomatic distance & maxillary sinus dimensions may be useful to support gender determination in forensic medicine when other methods are inconclusive.

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Introduction: Nasal index is a sensitive anthropometric index. It also exhibits sexual differences and it has become a useful tool in Forensic Medicine and reconstructive surgery. It is an important anthropometric parameter for classifying the race and sex of an individual whose identity is unknown. Aim: The present study was undertaken to provide baseline data of the nasal ergonomics for male and female of Hindu community of Gwalior region. Material and Method: A random sample of males of 19 to 45 years age group was chosen for examination. Nasal length, nasal breadth, nasal height and nasal depth were measured with the help of Digital Vernier Caliper. Nasal index (NI) were calculated as NB/NH×100. The data was analyzed statistically using Unpaired Student t-test. Result: Our results are comparable with other studies with mean NI ± SD of 80.59±9.122 in male which was significantly higher (p<0.05) than that of females who has NI ± SD of 77.29±8.472. Except for nasal depth, the other nasal parameters shows sexual dimorphism. Conclusion: Based on the mean NI, the predominant nose type is Mesorrhine in 63.73% of male and female (Hindu community) of Gwalior region. This study provides a baseline data for people of Gwalior region which will be valuable in nasal anthropometry for clinical practice, in reconstructive surgery, rhinoplasty and in forensic science. This study should be subjected to further investigation.

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