The present study investigated intentions and motivating factors of using impoliteness in interlanguage complaints by EFL learners. Empirical data were elicited by means of oral discourse completion tasks and questionnaires from 42 Indonesian learners of English. Post-structured interviews were conducted to obtain the intentions and reasons of deploying impoliteness in the complaints. The results reveal that impoliteness is triggered by three general motivating factors; speaker-related factors, target person-related factors, and contextual factors. A number of intentions of deploying impoliteness are found, and they suggest that impoliteness is a means to an end rather than an end itself.

A growing body of literature has investigated impoliteness in many domains. Nevertheless, little research has examined impoliteness done by foreign language learners. Impoliteness used in interlanguage complaints by English as a foreign language learners was observed. The effects of interlocutors' different status levels and social distance on the use of impoliteness were analyzed. Empirical data were elicited by means of oral discourse completion tasks from 50 Indonesian English as a foreign language learners in Central Java, Indonesia. The overall direction of the findings showed trends that status levels and social distance between interlocutors prompted different frequencies and strategies of impoliteness. The frequent use of impolite complaints was instigated by a number of factors such as the learners' understanding about the speech act in question, their perceptions on the social distance and status levels of interlocutors, and the nature of the research instrument.

The study aimed at exploring the teachers’ perspective on the right of the child to participate in the seating arrangement and how the teachers resolved when values and norms were in conflict. The data were collected through questionnaires by accidental sampling technique from seven regencies in Central Java and East Java, Indonesia. The participants of the research were teachers at Junior High Schools and Senior High Schools. The results of the study showed the following findings. Firstly, 81% of the teachers stated that the students had the right to choose their own seats. However, half of the teachers excluded the rights of the students to choose with whom they sat. Secondly, practices in different schools, especially private and Islamic schools, demonstrated that religious norms played such a significant role in the school and classroom management that the values derived from the legal sources were subject to the aim of complying with the religious norms. Keywords: Child Right to Participation, Classroom Management, Seating Arrangement, Teachers’ Perspective.

The article deals with the strategies implemented by teachers in facilitating the students to comply with the rules. The study aims at identifying the discipline problems faced by teachers and describing the strategies they employ to cope with the discipline problems. The study employed qualitative approach in which the researchers used questionnaire and interview to collect the data. The participants were high school teachers and students of 10 schools in Central Java, Indonesia from various backgrounds: public, private, Islam-based public, Islam-affiliated private, Islam-based dormitory. The interview script became the primary source for interpreting and analyzing data. The findings revealed that the most common discipline problems faced by the teachers were noisy classroom, wrong/incomplete attributes and unpunctuality. The strategies applied by the teachers to cope with the students were corrective, assertive, and preventive disciplines. The teachers should improve the quality in maintaining the classroom discipline by creating a conducive classroom and involving the students in setting the classroom rules, such as attendance, learning participation, students and teacher actions, and assessment.

The ability to reflect on a teacher is critical as part of his/her self-agency to become a professional teacher. This research aimed to compare Indonesian and Philippine teachers' reflection practice on English teaching. The research was focused on 1) the questions teachers of both countries ask as the reflection in their Teaching, 2) their perceptions about their reflection of their teaching practice, and 3) their follow-up on the reflection. The participants in this study were 16 English teachers in the Philippines and 30 teachers in Indonesia. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and observations and analyzed through inductive analysis techniques. The study revealed a slight difference in the focus of the reflective questions asked by the Philippine and Indonesian teachers. Indonesian teachers focus more on the students’ learning, while Philippine teachers do self-reflection. However, both countries' teachers thought reflection was important for their professional development. The structured reflection practice will likely help teachers of both countries plan their professional development and innovation in teaching practice.